The Many Faces of Human Leukocyte Antigen-G: Relevance to the Fate of Pregnancy
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The Many Faces of Human Leukocyte Antigen-G : Relevance to the Fate of Pregnancy. / Dahl, Mette; Djurisic, Snezana; Hviid, Thomas Vauvert F.
In: Immunologic Research, Vol. 2014, 591489, 2014, p. 1-11.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Many Faces of Human Leukocyte Antigen-G
T2 - Relevance to the Fate of Pregnancy
AU - Dahl, Mette
AU - Djurisic, Snezana
AU - Hviid, Thomas Vauvert F
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Pregnancy is an immunological paradox, where fetal antigens encoded by polymorphic genes inherited from the father do not provoke a maternal immune response. The fetus is not rejected as it would be theorized according to principles of tissue transplantation. A major contribution to fetal tolerance is the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G, a nonclassical HLA protein displaying limited polymorphism, restricted tissue distribution, and a unique alternative splice pattern. HLA-G is primarily expressed in placenta and plays multifaceted roles during pregnancy, both as a soluble and a membrane-bound molecule. Its immunomodulatory functions involve interactions with different immune cells and possibly regulation of cell migration during placental development. Recent findings include HLA-G contributions from the father and the fetus itself. Much effort has been put into clarifying the role of HLA-G during pregnancy and pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, recurrent spontaneous abortions, and subfertility or infertility. This review aims to clarify the multifunctional role of HLA-G in pregnancy-related disorders by focusing on genetic variation, differences in mRNA stability between HLA-G alleles, differences in HLA-G isoform expression, and possible differences in functional activity. Furthermore, we highlight important observations regarding HLA-G genetics and expression in preeclampsia that future research should address.
AB - Pregnancy is an immunological paradox, where fetal antigens encoded by polymorphic genes inherited from the father do not provoke a maternal immune response. The fetus is not rejected as it would be theorized according to principles of tissue transplantation. A major contribution to fetal tolerance is the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-G, a nonclassical HLA protein displaying limited polymorphism, restricted tissue distribution, and a unique alternative splice pattern. HLA-G is primarily expressed in placenta and plays multifaceted roles during pregnancy, both as a soluble and a membrane-bound molecule. Its immunomodulatory functions involve interactions with different immune cells and possibly regulation of cell migration during placental development. Recent findings include HLA-G contributions from the father and the fetus itself. Much effort has been put into clarifying the role of HLA-G during pregnancy and pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, recurrent spontaneous abortions, and subfertility or infertility. This review aims to clarify the multifunctional role of HLA-G in pregnancy-related disorders by focusing on genetic variation, differences in mRNA stability between HLA-G alleles, differences in HLA-G isoform expression, and possible differences in functional activity. Furthermore, we highlight important observations regarding HLA-G genetics and expression in preeclampsia that future research should address.
KW - Alleles
KW - Alternative Splicing
KW - Cell Membrane
KW - Female
KW - Gene Expression Regulation
KW - HLA-G Antigens
KW - Humans
KW - Organ Specificity
KW - Polymorphism, Genetic
KW - Pre-Eclampsia
KW - Pregnancy
KW - Pregnancy Complications
KW - Pregnancy Outcome
KW - Protein Transport
U2 - 10.1155/2014/591489
DO - 10.1155/2014/591489
M3 - Review
C2 - 24741608
VL - 2014
SP - 1
EP - 11
JO - Immunologic Research
JF - Immunologic Research
SN - 0257-277X
M1 - 591489
ER -
ID: 135490453