TY - JOUR

T1 - Syndecan-1 (Cd138), carcinomas and emt

AU - Couchman, John R.

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Cell surface proteoglycans are known to be important regulators of many aspects of cell behavior. The principle family of transmembrane proteoglycans is the syndecans, of which there are four in mammals. Syndecan-1 is mostly restricted to epithelia, and bears heparan sulfate chains that are capable of interacting with a large array of polypeptides, including extracellular matrix components and potent mediators of proliferation, adhesion and migration. For this reason, it has been studied extensively with respect to carcinomas and tumor progression. Frequently, but not always, syndecan-1 levels decrease as tumor grade, stage and invasiveness and dedifferentiation increase. This parallels experiments that show depletion of syndecan-1 can be accompanied by loss of cadherin-mediated adhesion. However, in some tumors, levels of syndecan-1 increase, but the characterization of its distribution is relevant. There can be loss of membrane staining, but acquisition of cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining that is abnormal. Moreover, the appearance of syndecan-1 in the tumor stroma, either associated with its cellular component or the collagenous matrix, is nearly always a sign of poor prognosis. Given its relevance to myeloma progression, syndecan-1-directed antibody—toxin conjugates are being tested in clinical and preclinical trials, and may have future relevance to some carcinomas.

AB - Cell surface proteoglycans are known to be important regulators of many aspects of cell behavior. The principle family of transmembrane proteoglycans is the syndecans, of which there are four in mammals. Syndecan-1 is mostly restricted to epithelia, and bears heparan sulfate chains that are capable of interacting with a large array of polypeptides, including extracellular matrix components and potent mediators of proliferation, adhesion and migration. For this reason, it has been studied extensively with respect to carcinomas and tumor progression. Frequently, but not always, syndecan-1 levels decrease as tumor grade, stage and invasiveness and dedifferentiation increase. This parallels experiments that show depletion of syndecan-1 can be accompanied by loss of cadherin-mediated adhesion. However, in some tumors, levels of syndecan-1 increase, but the characterization of its distribution is relevant. There can be loss of membrane staining, but acquisition of cytoplasmic and/or nuclear staining that is abnormal. Moreover, the appearance of syndecan-1 in the tumor stroma, either associated with its cellular component or the collagenous matrix, is nearly always a sign of poor prognosis. Given its relevance to myeloma progression, syndecan-1-directed antibody—toxin conjugates are being tested in clinical and preclinical trials, and may have future relevance to some carcinomas.

KW - Cadherin

KW - Glycosaminoglycan

KW - Heparan sulfate

KW - Proteoglycan

KW - Tumor

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85104467501&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3390/ijms22084227

DO - 10.3390/ijms22084227

M3 - Review

C2 - 33921767

AN - SCOPUS:85104467501

VL - 22

JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences (CD-ROM)

JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences (CD-ROM)

SN - 1424-6783

IS - 8

M1 - 4227

ER -