Review on abyssomicins: Inhibitors of the chorismate pathway and folate biosynthesis
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Review on abyssomicins : Inhibitors of the chorismate pathway and folate biosynthesis. / Sadaka, Carmen; Ellsworth, Edmund; Hansen, Paul Robert; Ewin, Richard; Damborg, Peter; Watts, Jeffrey L.
In: Molecules, Vol. 23, No. 6, 1371, 2018.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Review on abyssomicins
T2 - Inhibitors of the chorismate pathway and folate biosynthesis
AU - Sadaka, Carmen
AU - Ellsworth, Edmund
AU - Hansen, Paul Robert
AU - Ewin, Richard
AU - Damborg, Peter
AU - Watts, Jeffrey L.
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - Antifolates targeting folate biosynthesis within the shikimate-chorismate-folate metabolic pathway are ideal and selective antimicrobials, since higher eukaryotes lack this pathway and rely on an exogenous source of folate. Resistance to the available antifolates, inhibiting the folate pathway, underlines the need for novel antibiotic scaffolds and molecular targets. While para-aminobenzoic acid synthesis within the chorismate pathway constitutes a novel molecular target for antifolates, abyssomicins are its first known natural inhibitors. This review describes the abyssomicin family, a novel spirotetronate polyketide Class I antimicrobial. It summarizes synthetic and biological studies, structural, biosynthetic, and biological properties of the abyssomicin family members. This paper aims to explain their molecular target, mechanism of action, structure–activity relationship, and to explore their biological and pharmacological potential. Thirty-two natural abyssomicins and numerous synthetic analogues have been reported. The biological activity of abyssomicins includes their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria, antitumor properties, latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reactivator, anti-HIV and HIV replication inducer properties. Their antimalarial properties have not been explored yet. Future analoging programs using the structure–activity relationship data and synthetic approaches may provide a novel abyssomicin structure that is active and devoid of cytotoxicity. Abyssomicin J and atrop-o-benzyl-desmethylabyssomicin C constitute promising candidates for such programs.
AB - Antifolates targeting folate biosynthesis within the shikimate-chorismate-folate metabolic pathway are ideal and selective antimicrobials, since higher eukaryotes lack this pathway and rely on an exogenous source of folate. Resistance to the available antifolates, inhibiting the folate pathway, underlines the need for novel antibiotic scaffolds and molecular targets. While para-aminobenzoic acid synthesis within the chorismate pathway constitutes a novel molecular target for antifolates, abyssomicins are its first known natural inhibitors. This review describes the abyssomicin family, a novel spirotetronate polyketide Class I antimicrobial. It summarizes synthetic and biological studies, structural, biosynthetic, and biological properties of the abyssomicin family members. This paper aims to explain their molecular target, mechanism of action, structure–activity relationship, and to explore their biological and pharmacological potential. Thirty-two natural abyssomicins and numerous synthetic analogues have been reported. The biological activity of abyssomicins includes their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria and mycobacteria, antitumor properties, latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reactivator, anti-HIV and HIV replication inducer properties. Their antimalarial properties have not been explored yet. Future analoging programs using the structure–activity relationship data and synthetic approaches may provide a novel abyssomicin structure that is active and devoid of cytotoxicity. Abyssomicin J and atrop-o-benzyl-desmethylabyssomicin C constitute promising candidates for such programs.
KW - Analoging
KW - Antibiotic
KW - Antifolate
KW - Chorismate
KW - Para-aminobenzoic acid
KW - Prodrug
KW - Resistance
KW - Spirotetronate
KW - Sulfonamides
U2 - 10.3390/molecules23061371
DO - 10.3390/molecules23061371
M3 - Review
C2 - 29882815
AN - SCOPUS:85048310478
VL - 23
JO - Molecules
JF - Molecules
SN - 1420-3049
IS - 6
M1 - 1371
ER -
ID: 202032751