This review describes the recent developments in the field of polyamine toxins, with focus on structure activity relationship investigations, including studies of importance of the polyamine moiety for biological activity, photolabeling studies using polyamine toxins as templates, as well as use of solid phase methods for the synthesis of polyamine toxins. The review is mainly concerned with effects of polyamine toxins on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and ionotropic glutamate receptors.