Cardiovascular complications following thoracic radio­therapy in patients with cancer are well described. Advance­ments in surgery, radiotherapy and systemic treatments have led to an increasing number of cancer survivors and thus an increasing number of patients with long-term side effects of their cancer treatments. This article describes the short- and long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality following thoracic radiotherapy and further, optimal cardio­vascular assessments and diagnostic tools in asymp­tomatic and symptomatic patients.