Externalizing Behaviors and Callous-Unemotional Traits: Different Associations With Sleep Quality
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Externalizing Behaviors and Callous-Unemotional Traits : Different Associations With Sleep Quality. / Denis, Dan; Akhtar, Reece; Holding, Benjamin C.; Murray, Christina; Panatti, Jennifer; Claridge, Gordon; Sadeh, Avi; Barclay, Nicola L.; O'Leary, Rachael; Maughan, Barbara; McAdams, Tom A.; Rowe, Richard; Eley, Thalia C.; Viding, Essi; Gregory, Alice M.
In: Sleep, Vol. 40, No. 8, 01.08.2017.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Externalizing Behaviors and Callous-Unemotional Traits
T2 - Different Associations With Sleep Quality
AU - Denis, Dan
AU - Akhtar, Reece
AU - Holding, Benjamin C.
AU - Murray, Christina
AU - Panatti, Jennifer
AU - Claridge, Gordon
AU - Sadeh, Avi
AU - Barclay, Nicola L.
AU - O'Leary, Rachael
AU - Maughan, Barbara
AU - McAdams, Tom A.
AU - Rowe, Richard
AU - Eley, Thalia C.
AU - Viding, Essi
AU - Gregory, Alice M.
PY - 2017/8/1
Y1 - 2017/8/1
N2 - Study Objectives: Sleep quality is associated with different aspects of psychopathology, but relatively little research has examined links between sleep quality and externalizing behaviors or callous-unemotional traits. We examined: (1) whether an association exists between sleep quality and externalizing behaviors; (2) whether anxiety mediates this association; (3) whether callous-unemotional traits are associated with sleep quality.Methods: Data from two studies were used. Study 1 involved 1556 participants of the G1219 study aged 18-27 years (62% female). Questionnaire measures assessed sleep quality, anxiety, externalizing behaviors, and callous-unemotional traits. Study 2 involved 338 participants aged 18-66 years (65% female). Questionnaires measured sleep quality, externalizing behaviors, and callous-unemotional traits. In order to assess objective sleep quality, actigraphic data were also recorded for a week from a subsample of study 2 participants (n = 43).Results: In study 1, poorer sleep quality was associated with greater externalizing behaviors. This association was partially mediated by anxiety and moderated by levels of callous-unemotional traits. There was no significant relationship between sleep quality and callous-unemotional traits. In study 2, poorer sleep quality, as assessed via self-reported but not objective measures, was associated with higher levels of externalizing behaviors. Furthermore, in study 2, better sleep quality (indicated in both questionnaires and actigraphy measures: lower mean activity, and greater sleep efficiency) was associated with higher levels of callous-unemotional traits.Conclusions: Self-reports of poorer sleep quality are associated with externalizing behaviors, and this association is partially mediated by anxiety. Callous-unemotional traits are not associated with poor sleep and may even be related to better sleep quality. This is an exceptional finding given that poor sleep quality appears to be a characteristic of most psychopathology.
AB - Study Objectives: Sleep quality is associated with different aspects of psychopathology, but relatively little research has examined links between sleep quality and externalizing behaviors or callous-unemotional traits. We examined: (1) whether an association exists between sleep quality and externalizing behaviors; (2) whether anxiety mediates this association; (3) whether callous-unemotional traits are associated with sleep quality.Methods: Data from two studies were used. Study 1 involved 1556 participants of the G1219 study aged 18-27 years (62% female). Questionnaire measures assessed sleep quality, anxiety, externalizing behaviors, and callous-unemotional traits. Study 2 involved 338 participants aged 18-66 years (65% female). Questionnaires measured sleep quality, externalizing behaviors, and callous-unemotional traits. In order to assess objective sleep quality, actigraphic data were also recorded for a week from a subsample of study 2 participants (n = 43).Results: In study 1, poorer sleep quality was associated with greater externalizing behaviors. This association was partially mediated by anxiety and moderated by levels of callous-unemotional traits. There was no significant relationship between sleep quality and callous-unemotional traits. In study 2, poorer sleep quality, as assessed via self-reported but not objective measures, was associated with higher levels of externalizing behaviors. Furthermore, in study 2, better sleep quality (indicated in both questionnaires and actigraphy measures: lower mean activity, and greater sleep efficiency) was associated with higher levels of callous-unemotional traits.Conclusions: Self-reports of poorer sleep quality are associated with externalizing behaviors, and this association is partially mediated by anxiety. Callous-unemotional traits are not associated with poor sleep and may even be related to better sleep quality. This is an exceptional finding given that poor sleep quality appears to be a characteristic of most psychopathology.
KW - actigraphy
KW - antisocial
KW - callous-unemotional
KW - externalizing
KW - psychopathology
KW - sleep
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85033403637&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/sleep/zsx070
DO - 10.1093/sleep/zsx070
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 28575510
AN - SCOPUS:85033403637
VL - 40
JO - Sleep (Online)
JF - Sleep (Online)
SN - 0161-8105
IS - 8
ER -
ID: 255164889