TY - JOUR

T1 - Exposure to air pollution and noise from road traffic and risk of congenital anomalies in the Danish National Birth Cohort

AU - Pedersen, Marie

AU - Garne, Ester

AU - Hansen-Nord, Nete

AU - Hjortebjerg, Dorrit

AU - Ketzel, Matthias

AU - Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole

AU - Andersen, Anne-Marie Nybo

AU - Sørensen, Mette

PY - 2017/11

Y1 - 2017/11

N2 - Background: Ambient air pollution has been associated with certain congenital anomalies, but few studies rely on assessment of fine-scale variation in air quality and associations with noise from road traffic are unexplored.Methods: Among 84,218 liveborn singletons (1997–2002) from the Danish National Birth Cohort with complete covariate data and residential address history from conception until birth, we identified major congenital anomalies in 4018 children. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and noise from road traffic (Lden) burden during fetal life was modeled. Outcome and covariate data were derived from registries, hospital records and questionnaires. Odds ratios (ORs) for eleven major anomaly groups associated with road traffic pollution during first trimester were estimated using logistic regression with generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach.Results: Most of the associations tested did not suggest increased risks. A 10-µg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure during first trimester was associated with an adjusted ORs of 1.22 (95% confidence interval: 0.98–1.52) for ear, face and neck anomalies; 1.14 0.98–1.33) for urinary anomalies. A 10-dB increase in road traffic noise was also associated with these subgroups of anomalies as well as with an increased OR for orofacial cleft anomalies (1.17, 0.94–1.47). Inverse associations for several both air pollution and noise were observed for atrial septal defects (0.85, 0.68–1.04 and 0.81, 0.65–0.99, respectively).Conclusions: Residential road traffic exposure to noise or air pollution during pregnancy did not seem to pose a risk for development of congenital anomalies.

AB - Background: Ambient air pollution has been associated with certain congenital anomalies, but few studies rely on assessment of fine-scale variation in air quality and associations with noise from road traffic are unexplored.Methods: Among 84,218 liveborn singletons (1997–2002) from the Danish National Birth Cohort with complete covariate data and residential address history from conception until birth, we identified major congenital anomalies in 4018 children. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and noise from road traffic (Lden) burden during fetal life was modeled. Outcome and covariate data were derived from registries, hospital records and questionnaires. Odds ratios (ORs) for eleven major anomaly groups associated with road traffic pollution during first trimester were estimated using logistic regression with generalized estimating equation (GEE) approach.Results: Most of the associations tested did not suggest increased risks. A 10-µg/m3 increase in NO2 exposure during first trimester was associated with an adjusted ORs of 1.22 (95% confidence interval: 0.98–1.52) for ear, face and neck anomalies; 1.14 0.98–1.33) for urinary anomalies. A 10-dB increase in road traffic noise was also associated with these subgroups of anomalies as well as with an increased OR for orofacial cleft anomalies (1.17, 0.94–1.47). Inverse associations for several both air pollution and noise were observed for atrial septal defects (0.85, 0.68–1.04 and 0.81, 0.65–0.99, respectively).Conclusions: Residential road traffic exposure to noise or air pollution during pregnancy did not seem to pose a risk for development of congenital anomalies.

KW - Air pollution

KW - Cohort

KW - Congenital anomalies

KW - Noise

KW - Traffic

U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.031

DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.031

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 28763732

VL - 159

SP - 39

EP - 45

JO - Environmental Research

JF - Environmental Research

SN - 0013-9351

ER -