TY - JOUR

T1 - Does sulfur application continue to reduce cadmium accumulation and increase the seed yield of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) at the maturity stage?

AU - Huang, Lijuan

AU - Hansen, Hans C. B.

AU - Yang, Xiaosong

AU - Xie, Zijian

AU - Li, Songyan

AU - Yang, Mei

AU - Liang, Xiaomeng

AU - Hu, Zhengyi

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - BACKGROUND Oilseed rape requires sulfur (S) fertilization. Cadmium (Cd) differs dramatically in agricultural soils. Rice-oilseed rape rotation distributes widely and contributes the majority of rapeseeds in Asian countries. It was reported that S metabolism was involved in Cd uptake in seedlings of oilseed rape, although the effects of S on Cd accumulation and seed yield at maturity are still unclear. RESULTS We performed a pot experiment including two Cd rates (0.35 and 10.35 mg kg(-1), as low and high Cd soil) and four S levels (0, 30, 60 and 120 mg kg(-1)). The results showed that low S application (30 mg kg(-1)) resulted in two-fold higher seed-Cd concentration irrespective of soil Cd levels. The responsible mechanism might be that Cd translocation into rapeseeds was involved in sulfate transporters, which could be strongly expressed in shoots and roots when supplying sulfate under S-starvation conditions, but depressed under a S-sufficient environment. For high Cd soil, seed yield decreased by 36%, 48% and 72% at 30, 60 and 120 mg S kg(-1) compared to non-S treatment, whereas there were no differences for low Cd soil. Antagonistic effects of S and Cd existed for seed yield according to structure equation model analysis. CONCLUSION Oilseed rape can be grown in low-Cd fields as a safe food crop with high levels of sulfur fertilizers (>60 mg S kg(-1)). In high-Cd fields, oilseed rape is recommended as a Cd-remediation crop, and rapeseeds should only be used for industrial purposes and not for food. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

AB - BACKGROUND Oilseed rape requires sulfur (S) fertilization. Cadmium (Cd) differs dramatically in agricultural soils. Rice-oilseed rape rotation distributes widely and contributes the majority of rapeseeds in Asian countries. It was reported that S metabolism was involved in Cd uptake in seedlings of oilseed rape, although the effects of S on Cd accumulation and seed yield at maturity are still unclear. RESULTS We performed a pot experiment including two Cd rates (0.35 and 10.35 mg kg(-1), as low and high Cd soil) and four S levels (0, 30, 60 and 120 mg kg(-1)). The results showed that low S application (30 mg kg(-1)) resulted in two-fold higher seed-Cd concentration irrespective of soil Cd levels. The responsible mechanism might be that Cd translocation into rapeseeds was involved in sulfate transporters, which could be strongly expressed in shoots and roots when supplying sulfate under S-starvation conditions, but depressed under a S-sufficient environment. For high Cd soil, seed yield decreased by 36%, 48% and 72% at 30, 60 and 120 mg S kg(-1) compared to non-S treatment, whereas there were no differences for low Cd soil. Antagonistic effects of S and Cd existed for seed yield according to structure equation model analysis. CONCLUSION Oilseed rape can be grown in low-Cd fields as a safe food crop with high levels of sulfur fertilizers (>60 mg S kg(-1)). In high-Cd fields, oilseed rape is recommended as a Cd-remediation crop, and rapeseeds should only be used for industrial purposes and not for food. (c) 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.

KW - sulfate

KW - food safety

KW - phytoremediation

KW - structure equation model

KW - INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS

KW - WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM

KW - HEAVY-METALS

KW - PADDY SOIL

KW - SULFATE

KW - GLUTATHIONE

KW - RICE

KW - TOLERANCE

KW - RISK

KW - CONTAMINATION

U2 - 10.1002/jsfa.11566

DO - 10.1002/jsfa.11566

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 34625978

VL - 102

SP - 2281

EP - 2290

JO - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture

JF - Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture

SN - 0022-5142

IS - 6

ER -