TY - JOUR

T1 - Are dietary proteins the key to successful body weight management? A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies assessing body weight outcomes after interventions with increased dietary protein

AU - Hansen, Thea Toft

AU - Astrup, Arne

AU - Sjödin, Anders

N1 - CURIS 2021 NEXS 298

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - The primary aim was to systematically review the current evidence investigating if dietary interventions rich in protein lead to improved body weight management in adults with excessive body weight. The secondary aim was to investigate potential modifying effects of phenotyping. A systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library identified 375randomized controlled trials with 43 unique trials meeting the inclusion criteria. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used for a thorough risk of bias assessment. Based on 37 studies evaluating effects of dietary protein on body weight, the participants with increased protein intake (ranging from 18–59 energy percentage [E%]) were found to reduce body weight by 1.6 (1.2; 2.0) kg (mean [95% confidence interval]) compared to controls (isocaloric interventions with energy reduction introduced in certain studies). Individuals with prediabetes were found to benefit more from a diet high in protein compared to individuals with normoglycemia, as did individuals without the obesity risk allele (AA genotype) compared to individuals with the obesity risk alleles (AG and GGgenotypes). Thus, diets rich in protein would seem to have a moderate beneficial effect on body weight management.

AB - The primary aim was to systematically review the current evidence investigating if dietary interventions rich in protein lead to improved body weight management in adults with excessive body weight. The secondary aim was to investigate potential modifying effects of phenotyping. A systematic literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library identified 375randomized controlled trials with 43 unique trials meeting the inclusion criteria. The Cochrane collaboration tool was used for a thorough risk of bias assessment. Based on 37 studies evaluating effects of dietary protein on body weight, the participants with increased protein intake (ranging from 18–59 energy percentage [E%]) were found to reduce body weight by 1.6 (1.2; 2.0) kg (mean [95% confidence interval]) compared to controls (isocaloric interventions with energy reduction introduced in certain studies). Individuals with prediabetes were found to benefit more from a diet high in protein compared to individuals with normoglycemia, as did individuals without the obesity risk allele (AA genotype) compared to individuals with the obesity risk alleles (AG and GGgenotypes). Thus, diets rich in protein would seem to have a moderate beneficial effect on body weight management.

KW - Faculty of Science

KW - Appetite

KW - Obesity

KW - Overweight

KW - Satiety

KW - Weight loss

UR - https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093193

U2 - 10.3390/nu13093193

DO - 10.3390/nu13093193

M3 - Review

C2 - 34579069

VL - 13

JO - Nutrients

JF - Nutrients

SN - 2072-6643

IS - 9

M1 - 3193

ER -