Delayed nitrogen application after straw and charred straw addition altered the hot moment of soil N2O emissions
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Delayed nitrogen application after straw and charred straw addition altered the hot moment of soil N2O emissions. / Ye, Xin; Ran, Hongyu; Wang, Xiao; Li, Guitong; Ambus, Per; Wang, Gang; Zhu, Kun.
In: European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 74, No. 1, e13349, 2023.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Delayed nitrogen application after straw and charred straw addition altered the hot moment of soil N2O emissions
AU - Ye, Xin
AU - Ran, Hongyu
AU - Wang, Xiao
AU - Li, Guitong
AU - Ambus, Per
AU - Wang, Gang
AU - Zhu, Kun
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 British Society of Soil Science.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - The combination of nitrogen (N) fertilization and straw incorporation has complex influences on soil N transformations and derived nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. This study aimed to reveal the coupled effects of straw returning forms and N fertilizer management on soil N2O emissions. Here, carbon (C) sources with varied availabilities were supplied by different straw returning forms, including straw, charred straw, and combined application of straw and charred straw. The time gaps between additions of exogenous N and C sources were carried out by managing the timing of N fertilization, including N application simultaneous with or delayed after straw return. Soil N2O emissions under different straw returning forms and their response relationships to soil C, N, microbial biomass, as well as soil pH and oxygen (O2) were explored. Co-application of straw and N fertilizer provided sufficient C and N sources, enhanced the microbial biomass, and consequently increased N2O emissions. Delayed N fertilization could decouple the response of N2O emissions to straw addition, because of constrained N availability and limited pH decline, which decreased the cumulative N2O emissions significantly. Possibly due to straw induced N immobilization coupled with charred straw induced pH elevation, the combined application of straw and charred straw constrained soil N2O emissions compared with straw only application, regardless of N fertilizer management. By shaping the microbial biomass and soil C, N, and O2 dynamics, delayed application of N fertilizer could further enhance the inhibition effect of the charred straw and straw combination on soil N2O emissions. Therefore, the varied straw returning forms and the timing of N fertilization could affect the supply of available C and N, influencing the hot moments of N2O emissions, and the joint addition of straw and charred straw with a few weeks delayed N application could possibly reduce the risk of soil N2O emissions from straw return systems. Such mitigation potential should be evaluated further under field conditions. Highlights: Delayed N fertilization attenuated the magnitude of N2O emissions after straw additions. Combination of charred straw with straw mitigated N2O emissions, further enhanced by delayed N fertilization. Soil pH was the chief regulator for N2O emissions under different straw returning forms and N application.
AB - The combination of nitrogen (N) fertilization and straw incorporation has complex influences on soil N transformations and derived nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. This study aimed to reveal the coupled effects of straw returning forms and N fertilizer management on soil N2O emissions. Here, carbon (C) sources with varied availabilities were supplied by different straw returning forms, including straw, charred straw, and combined application of straw and charred straw. The time gaps between additions of exogenous N and C sources were carried out by managing the timing of N fertilization, including N application simultaneous with or delayed after straw return. Soil N2O emissions under different straw returning forms and their response relationships to soil C, N, microbial biomass, as well as soil pH and oxygen (O2) were explored. Co-application of straw and N fertilizer provided sufficient C and N sources, enhanced the microbial biomass, and consequently increased N2O emissions. Delayed N fertilization could decouple the response of N2O emissions to straw addition, because of constrained N availability and limited pH decline, which decreased the cumulative N2O emissions significantly. Possibly due to straw induced N immobilization coupled with charred straw induced pH elevation, the combined application of straw and charred straw constrained soil N2O emissions compared with straw only application, regardless of N fertilizer management. By shaping the microbial biomass and soil C, N, and O2 dynamics, delayed application of N fertilizer could further enhance the inhibition effect of the charred straw and straw combination on soil N2O emissions. Therefore, the varied straw returning forms and the timing of N fertilization could affect the supply of available C and N, influencing the hot moments of N2O emissions, and the joint addition of straw and charred straw with a few weeks delayed N application could possibly reduce the risk of soil N2O emissions from straw return systems. Such mitigation potential should be evaluated further under field conditions. Highlights: Delayed N fertilization attenuated the magnitude of N2O emissions after straw additions. Combination of charred straw with straw mitigated N2O emissions, further enhanced by delayed N fertilization. Soil pH was the chief regulator for N2O emissions under different straw returning forms and N application.
KW - biochar
KW - charred straw
KW - NO emission factor
KW - soil pH
KW - straw returning forms
U2 - 10.1111/ejss.13349
DO - 10.1111/ejss.13349
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:85148864757
VL - 74
JO - Journal of Soil Sciences
JF - Journal of Soil Sciences
SN - 1351-0754
IS - 1
M1 - e13349
ER -
ID: 340885566