Validation of the MUSIC Model of Motivation Inventory for use with cognitive training for schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A multinational study

Research output: Contribution to journalJournal articleResearchpeer-review

  • Marie C. Hansen
  • Brett D. Jones
  • Shaun M. Eack
  • Louise Birkedal Glenthøj
  • Satoru Ikezawa
  • Tatsuro Iwane
  • Sean A. Kidd
  • Martin Lepage
  • Jean Pierre Lindenmayer
  • Isidora Ljuri
  • Keiko Maida
  • Yasuhiro Matsuda
  • Kazuyuki Nakagome
  • Veronica Ozog
  • Danielle Penney
  • Alice M. Saperstein
  • Atsuko Sunaga
  • Sophia Vinogradov
  • Gursharan Virdee
  • Jessica A. Wojtalik
  • Alice Medalia

Aim: Low motivation is a core symptom of schizophrenia which significantly impacts successful engagement in and benefit from psychosocial treatments. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to design psychosocial treatments to effectively motivate and engage patients during the treatment. The MUSIC® Model of Academic Motivation Inventory (MMI) is an 18-item instrument with five scales that assess students' motivation during academic tasks. The objective of the current study was to validate the MMI for use with schizophrenia-spectrum patients undergoing cognitive training. Methods: Participants included 181 people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders enrolled in cognitive training in four countries. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed construct validity. Quality of fit was determined using the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), the Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR), and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA). Pearson's correlation coefficients assessed construct validity and Cronbach's alphas assessed reliability. Furthermore, we examined factor loadings for each inventory item and assessed predictive validity by analyzing MMI scales with attendance outcomes. Results: Consistent with the original MMI validation studies used in academic settings, we found CFI values indicated a good fit, as did the SRMR and RMSEA values. The scales were correlated yet distinct. Cronbach's alpha values ranged from good to excellent and factor loadings showed that all items loaded very well onto their intended factors. The MMI had a positive relationship to treatment intensity. Conclusion: The MMI is a valid and reliable tool to use with individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders undergoing a cognitive training intervention.

Original languageEnglish
JournalSchizophrenia Research
Volume206
Pages (from-to)142-148
ISSN0920-9964
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Apr 2019

    Research areas

  • Cognitive remediation, Motivation, MUSIC Model of Motivation, Schizophrenia, Skills training

ID: 241997627