TY - JOUR

T1 - Salmonella endocarditis in an immunocompetent 8-year-old with a mechanical aortic valve

T2 - A case report and literature review

AU - Sultan, Tamo

AU - Moser, Claus

AU - Smerup, Morten Holdgaard

AU - Idorn, Lars

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2024 The Authors

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Salmonella infections are prevalent globally and cause invasive infections in adults and children alike. Here, we present a rare case report and literature review based on a complicated presentation of S. enteritidis endocarditis in an immunocompetent 8-year-old child with a mechanical aortic valve. The child initially presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, leading to an 11-day hospitalization for gastroenteritis and bacteremia caused by Salmonella. After a 1.5-week hospitalization, receiving intravenous Ceftriaxone and oral Ciprofloxacin, the child was discharged and underwent another week of treatment. Two weeks post-discharge, recurrent fever led to rehospitalization. During this admission, the diagnosis of infective endocarditis was made, revealing complications including pseudoaneurysms and aortic root abscesses. This diagnosis necessitated cardiac surgery and an extended course of antibiotic treatment for an additional seven weeks. The child made a full recovery and was well at follow up. This is the twelfth reported case of Salmonella endocarditis in a child. The overall mortality rate of Salmonella Endocarditis in children is approximately 50 %, and it predominantly affects males. Though rare, Salmonella endocarditis can lead to severe cardiovascular complications. Therefore, it is important to maintain a high index of suspicion for endocarditis when risk factors are present and promptly initiate treatment.

AB - Salmonella infections are prevalent globally and cause invasive infections in adults and children alike. Here, we present a rare case report and literature review based on a complicated presentation of S. enteritidis endocarditis in an immunocompetent 8-year-old child with a mechanical aortic valve. The child initially presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, leading to an 11-day hospitalization for gastroenteritis and bacteremia caused by Salmonella. After a 1.5-week hospitalization, receiving intravenous Ceftriaxone and oral Ciprofloxacin, the child was discharged and underwent another week of treatment. Two weeks post-discharge, recurrent fever led to rehospitalization. During this admission, the diagnosis of infective endocarditis was made, revealing complications including pseudoaneurysms and aortic root abscesses. This diagnosis necessitated cardiac surgery and an extended course of antibiotic treatment for an additional seven weeks. The child made a full recovery and was well at follow up. This is the twelfth reported case of Salmonella endocarditis in a child. The overall mortality rate of Salmonella Endocarditis in children is approximately 50 %, and it predominantly affects males. Though rare, Salmonella endocarditis can lead to severe cardiovascular complications. Therefore, it is important to maintain a high index of suspicion for endocarditis when risk factors are present and promptly initiate treatment.

KW - Case report

KW - Children

KW - Endocarditis

KW - Literature review

KW - mechanical heart valve

KW - Nontyphoidal salmonella

U2 - 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2024.101739

DO - 10.1016/j.ppedcard.2024.101739

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85196964426

VL - 74

JO - Progress in Pediatric Cardiology

JF - Progress in Pediatric Cardiology

SN - 1058-9813

M1 - 101739

ER -