Regulation of bone blood flow in humans: The role of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and adenosine
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Regulation of bone blood flow in humans : The role of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and adenosine. / Heinonen, Ilkka; Boushel, Robert; Hellsten, Ylva; Kalliokoski, Kari.
In: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 28, No. 5, 2018, p. 1252-1258.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Regulation of bone blood flow in humans
T2 - The role of nitric oxide, prostaglandins, and adenosine
AU - Heinonen, Ilkka
AU - Boushel, Robert
AU - Hellsten, Ylva
AU - Kalliokoski, Kari
N1 - CURIS 2018 NEXS 099
PY - 2018
Y1 - 2018
N2 - The mechanisms that regulate bone blood flow (BBF) in humans are largely unknown. Animal studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) could be involved and in the present study we investigated the effects of inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) alone and in combination with inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, thus prostaglandin (PG) synthesis on femoral bone marrow blood flow by positron emission tomography in healthy young men at rest and during one leg dynamic exercise. In an additional group of healthy men, the role of adenosine (ADO) in the regulation of BBF during exercise was investigated by use of an adenosine receptor blocker (aminophylline). Inhibitors were directly infused into the femoral artery. Resting BBF was 1.1±0.4 ml/100g/min and increased to almost six-fold in response to exercise (6.3±1.5 ml/100g/min). Inhibition of NOS reduced BBF at rest to 0.7±0.3 ml/100g/min (p=0.036), but did not affect BBF significantly during exercise (5.5±1.4 ml/100g/min, p=0.25). On the other hand, while combined NOS and COX inhibition did not cause any further reduction of blood flow at rest (0.6±0.2 ml/100g/min), the combined blockade reduced BBF during exercise by ~21%, to 5.0±1.8 ml/100g/min (p=0.014). Finally, the ADO inhibition during exercise reduced BBF from 5.5±1.9 ml/100g/min to 4.6±1.2 ml/100g/min (p=0.045). In conclusion, our results support the view that NO is involved in controlling bone marrow blood flow at rest, and NO, PG and ADO play important roles in controlling human BBF during exercise. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
AB - The mechanisms that regulate bone blood flow (BBF) in humans are largely unknown. Animal studies suggest that nitric oxide (NO) could be involved and in the present study we investigated the effects of inhibition of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) alone and in combination with inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzyme, thus prostaglandin (PG) synthesis on femoral bone marrow blood flow by positron emission tomography in healthy young men at rest and during one leg dynamic exercise. In an additional group of healthy men, the role of adenosine (ADO) in the regulation of BBF during exercise was investigated by use of an adenosine receptor blocker (aminophylline). Inhibitors were directly infused into the femoral artery. Resting BBF was 1.1±0.4 ml/100g/min and increased to almost six-fold in response to exercise (6.3±1.5 ml/100g/min). Inhibition of NOS reduced BBF at rest to 0.7±0.3 ml/100g/min (p=0.036), but did not affect BBF significantly during exercise (5.5±1.4 ml/100g/min, p=0.25). On the other hand, while combined NOS and COX inhibition did not cause any further reduction of blood flow at rest (0.6±0.2 ml/100g/min), the combined blockade reduced BBF during exercise by ~21%, to 5.0±1.8 ml/100g/min (p=0.014). Finally, the ADO inhibition during exercise reduced BBF from 5.5±1.9 ml/100g/min to 4.6±1.2 ml/100g/min (p=0.045). In conclusion, our results support the view that NO is involved in controlling bone marrow blood flow at rest, and NO, PG and ADO play important roles in controlling human BBF during exercise. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
KW - Bone
KW - Marrow
KW - Blood flow
KW - Nitric oxide
KW - Prostanoids
KW - Exercise
KW - Humans
U2 - 10.1111/sms.13064
DO - 10.1111/sms.13064
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 29377406
VL - 28
SP - 1252
EP - 1258
JO - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
JF - Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports
SN - 0905-7188
IS - 5
ER -
ID: 189152302