p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study
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p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study. / Thyssen, Jacob Pontoppidan; Andersen, Klaus Ejner; Bruze, Magnus; Diepgen, Thomas; Giménez-Arnau, Ana M; Gonçalo, Margarida; Goossens, An; Le Coz, Christophe; McFadden, John; Rustemeyer, Thomas; White, Ian R; White, Jonathan M; Johansen, Jeanne Duus.
In: Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 60, No. 6, 2009, p. 314-9.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - p-Phenylenediamine sensitization is more prevalent in central and southern European patch test centres than in Scandinavian: results from a multicentre study
AU - Thyssen, Jacob Pontoppidan
AU - Andersen, Klaus Ejner
AU - Bruze, Magnus
AU - Diepgen, Thomas
AU - Giménez-Arnau, Ana M
AU - Gonçalo, Margarida
AU - Goossens, An
AU - Le Coz, Christophe
AU - McFadden, John
AU - Rustemeyer, Thomas
AU - White, Ian R
AU - White, Jonathan M
AU - Johansen, Jeanne Duus
N1 - Keywords: Adult; Allergens; Coloring Agents; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Europe; Female; Hair Dyes; Humans; Male; Patch Tests; Phenylenediamines; Prevalence; Scandinavia
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - BACKGROUND: Positive patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are common. PPD is used in oxidative hair dyes and is also present in dark henna temporary 'tattoos'. Cross-sensitization to other contact allergens may occur. Because subjects sensitized to PPD are at risk of clinically severe reactions upon hair dyeing, there is a need for 'current' prevalence data on PPD sensitization. OBJECTIVES: To compare PPD patch test results from dermatitis patients tested between 2003 and 2007 in 10 European patch test centres and to analyse the causes and determine relevance of positive PPD patch test reactions. MATERIALS: Patch testing was performed using PPD (1% free base in petrolatum from Trolab (Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbeck, Germany) or Chemotechnique (Malmö, Sweden), equivalent to 0.090 mg/cm(2) in the TRUE test from MEKOS Laboratories AS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The weighted average prevalence was 4.6% among 21 515 patients. PPD sensitization occurred more often in centres located in Central and Southern Europe than in Scandinavian centres (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.78). The overall proportion of positive patch test reactions to PPD that were registered as being of either current or 'past' relevance was high (weighted average 53.6% and 20.3%, respectively). Consumer hair dyeing was the most prominent cause of PPD sensitization (weighted average 41.8%). Furthermore, occupational hair dye exposure (10.6%) and cross-sensitization to textile dyes (12.6%) were frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS: PPD sensitization caused by exposure to hair dyes is frequent and remains a present problem for patients visiting contact dermatitis clinics, especially in patch test centres located in Central and Southern Europe.
AB - BACKGROUND: Positive patch test reactions to p-phenylenediamine (PPD) are common. PPD is used in oxidative hair dyes and is also present in dark henna temporary 'tattoos'. Cross-sensitization to other contact allergens may occur. Because subjects sensitized to PPD are at risk of clinically severe reactions upon hair dyeing, there is a need for 'current' prevalence data on PPD sensitization. OBJECTIVES: To compare PPD patch test results from dermatitis patients tested between 2003 and 2007 in 10 European patch test centres and to analyse the causes and determine relevance of positive PPD patch test reactions. MATERIALS: Patch testing was performed using PPD (1% free base in petrolatum from Trolab (Almirall Hermal GmbH, Reinbeck, Germany) or Chemotechnique (Malmö, Sweden), equivalent to 0.090 mg/cm(2) in the TRUE test from MEKOS Laboratories AS). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: The weighted average prevalence was 4.6% among 21 515 patients. PPD sensitization occurred more often in centres located in Central and Southern Europe than in Scandinavian centres (odds ratio = 2.40; 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.78). The overall proportion of positive patch test reactions to PPD that were registered as being of either current or 'past' relevance was high (weighted average 53.6% and 20.3%, respectively). Consumer hair dyeing was the most prominent cause of PPD sensitization (weighted average 41.8%). Furthermore, occupational hair dye exposure (10.6%) and cross-sensitization to textile dyes (12.6%) were frequently reported. CONCLUSIONS: PPD sensitization caused by exposure to hair dyes is frequent and remains a present problem for patients visiting contact dermatitis clinics, especially in patch test centres located in Central and Southern Europe.
U2 - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01547.x
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19489965
VL - 60
SP - 314
EP - 319
JO - Contact Dermatitis
JF - Contact Dermatitis
SN - 0105-1873
IS - 6
ER -
ID: 18789302