Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children

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Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children. / Sandfeld, Lisbeth; Weihrauch, Hanne; Tubaek, Gitte; Mortzos, Panteleimon.

In: Acta Ophthalmologica, Vol. 96, No. 4, 2018, p. 379-383.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Sandfeld, L, Weihrauch, H, Tubaek, G & Mortzos, P 2018, 'Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children', Acta Ophthalmologica, vol. 96, no. 4, pp. 379-383. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.13650

APA

Sandfeld, L., Weihrauch, H., Tubaek, G., & Mortzos, P. (2018). Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children. Acta Ophthalmologica, 96(4), 379-383. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.13650

Vancouver

Sandfeld L, Weihrauch H, Tubaek G, Mortzos P. Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children. Acta Ophthalmologica. 2018;96(4):379-383. https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.13650

Author

Sandfeld, Lisbeth ; Weihrauch, Hanne ; Tubaek, Gitte ; Mortzos, Panteleimon. / Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children. In: Acta Ophthalmologica. 2018 ; Vol. 96, No. 4. pp. 379-383.

Bibtex

@article{e652a1db399545d3bf1145f4672b1eec,

title = "Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children",

abstract = "PURPOSE: To report normative data on visual acuity (VA) for near and distance, refraction, ocular alignment, ocular motility and stereo acuity in a cohort of children aged 4.5-7 years.METHODS: A total of 950 children with normal development from the municipality of Roskilde, Denmark, were invited to participate in an ophthalmic cross-sectional population-based survey, of which 445 children in the age of 54-87 months participated with a complete ocular examination including cycloplegia. Visual acuity (VA) was tested using Kay Picture charts and notified in logMAR units.RESULTS: Mean distance VA was 0.010 logMAR [standard deviation (SD): 0.048] in right eye, and near VA in right eye was 0.012 logMAR (SD: 0.054), with a nonsignificant difference between right and left eye in both parameters (paired t-test, p = 0.15 and p = 0.08, respectively). Amblyopia was found in 12 children (2.7%), mainly related to refractive errors. The mean refractive error of right eye was +1.75 D, and significant hyperopia (greater than +3.0 D) was found in 7.9%. No myopia (greater than or equal to -0.5 D) was found, astigmatism (>1 D) was seen in 4.3%. Manifest strabismus was present in 1.6%, and heterophoria in 4.0%. Reduced or absent stereo acuity was present in 35 children (7.9%) and was related to a reduced VA, refractive error and strabismus.CONCLUSION: Ophthalmic data of 445 normally developed children are presented, supplementing previous reported normative data in children. We found a relatively high prevalence of amblyopia and of hyperopia, while myopia was not found, confirming previous studies that myopia is not developing at early age in Danish children.",

keywords = "Adolescent, Amblyopia/diagnosis, Child, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Denmark/epidemiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis, Prevalence, Refraction, Ocular/physiology, Refractive Errors/diagnosis, Risk Factors, Vision Screening/methods, Visual Acuity",

author = "Lisbeth Sandfeld and Hanne Weihrauch and Gitte Tubaek and Panteleimon Mortzos",

note = "{\textcopyright} 2018 Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.",

year = "2018",

doi = "10.1111/aos.13650",

language = "English",

volume = "96",

pages = "379--383",

journal = "Acta Ophthalmologica",

issn = "1755-375X",

publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",

number = "4",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Ophthalmological data on 4.5- to 7-year-old Danish children

AU - Sandfeld, Lisbeth

AU - Weihrauch, Hanne

AU - Tubaek, Gitte

AU - Mortzos, Panteleimon

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

N2 - PURPOSE: To report normative data on visual acuity (VA) for near and distance, refraction, ocular alignment, ocular motility and stereo acuity in a cohort of children aged 4.5-7 years.METHODS: A total of 950 children with normal development from the municipality of Roskilde, Denmark, were invited to participate in an ophthalmic cross-sectional population-based survey, of which 445 children in the age of 54-87 months participated with a complete ocular examination including cycloplegia. Visual acuity (VA) was tested using Kay Picture charts and notified in logMAR units.RESULTS: Mean distance VA was 0.010 logMAR [standard deviation (SD): 0.048] in right eye, and near VA in right eye was 0.012 logMAR (SD: 0.054), with a nonsignificant difference between right and left eye in both parameters (paired t-test, p = 0.15 and p = 0.08, respectively). Amblyopia was found in 12 children (2.7%), mainly related to refractive errors. The mean refractive error of right eye was +1.75 D, and significant hyperopia (greater than +3.0 D) was found in 7.9%. No myopia (greater than or equal to -0.5 D) was found, astigmatism (>1 D) was seen in 4.3%. Manifest strabismus was present in 1.6%, and heterophoria in 4.0%. Reduced or absent stereo acuity was present in 35 children (7.9%) and was related to a reduced VA, refractive error and strabismus.CONCLUSION: Ophthalmic data of 445 normally developed children are presented, supplementing previous reported normative data in children. We found a relatively high prevalence of amblyopia and of hyperopia, while myopia was not found, confirming previous studies that myopia is not developing at early age in Danish children.

AB - PURPOSE: To report normative data on visual acuity (VA) for near and distance, refraction, ocular alignment, ocular motility and stereo acuity in a cohort of children aged 4.5-7 years.METHODS: A total of 950 children with normal development from the municipality of Roskilde, Denmark, were invited to participate in an ophthalmic cross-sectional population-based survey, of which 445 children in the age of 54-87 months participated with a complete ocular examination including cycloplegia. Visual acuity (VA) was tested using Kay Picture charts and notified in logMAR units.RESULTS: Mean distance VA was 0.010 logMAR [standard deviation (SD): 0.048] in right eye, and near VA in right eye was 0.012 logMAR (SD: 0.054), with a nonsignificant difference between right and left eye in both parameters (paired t-test, p = 0.15 and p = 0.08, respectively). Amblyopia was found in 12 children (2.7%), mainly related to refractive errors. The mean refractive error of right eye was +1.75 D, and significant hyperopia (greater than +3.0 D) was found in 7.9%. No myopia (greater than or equal to -0.5 D) was found, astigmatism (>1 D) was seen in 4.3%. Manifest strabismus was present in 1.6%, and heterophoria in 4.0%. Reduced or absent stereo acuity was present in 35 children (7.9%) and was related to a reduced VA, refractive error and strabismus.CONCLUSION: Ophthalmic data of 445 normally developed children are presented, supplementing previous reported normative data in children. We found a relatively high prevalence of amblyopia and of hyperopia, while myopia was not found, confirming previous studies that myopia is not developing at early age in Danish children.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Amblyopia/diagnosis

KW - Child

KW - Child, Preschool

KW - Cross-Sectional Studies

KW - Denmark/epidemiology

KW - Female

KW - Follow-Up Studies

KW - Humans

KW - Male

KW - Ocular Motility Disorders/diagnosis

KW - Prevalence

KW - Refraction, Ocular/physiology

KW - Refractive Errors/diagnosis

KW - Risk Factors

KW - Vision Screening/methods

KW - Visual Acuity

U2 - 10.1111/aos.13650

DO - 10.1111/aos.13650

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 29369530

VL - 96

SP - 379

EP - 383

JO - Acta Ophthalmologica

JF - Acta Ophthalmologica

SN - 1755-375X

IS - 4

ER -

ID: 222254324