Nickel allergy and allergic contact dermatitis: A clinical review of immunology, epidemiology, exposure, and treatment
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Nickel allergy and allergic contact dermatitis : A clinical review of immunology, epidemiology, exposure, and treatment. / Ahlström, Malin G.; Thyssen, Jacob P.; Wennervaldt, Michael; Menné, Torkil; Johansen, Jeanne D.
In: Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 81, No. 4, 2019, p. 227-241.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Nickel allergy and allergic contact dermatitis
T2 - A clinical review of immunology, epidemiology, exposure, and treatment
AU - Ahlström, Malin G.
AU - Thyssen, Jacob P.
AU - Wennervaldt, Michael
AU - Menné, Torkil
AU - Johansen, Jeanne D.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - Nickel is the most frequent cause of contact allergy worldwide and has been studied extensively. This clinical review provides an updated overview of the epidemiology, exposure sources, methods for exposure quantification, skin deposition and penetration, immunology, diagnosis, thresholds for sensitization and elicitation, clinical pictures, prevention, and treatment. The implementation of a nickel regulation in Europe led to a decrease in the prevalence of nickel allergy, and changes in the clinical picture and disease severity. Nevertheless, the prevalences of nickel allergy in the European general population are approximately 8% to 19% in adults and 8% to 10% in children and adolescents, with a strong female predominance. Well-known consumer items such as jewellery and metal in clothing are still the main causes of nickel allergy and dermatitis, although a wide range of items for both private and occupational use may cause dermatitis. Allergic nickel dermatitis may be localized to the nickel exposure site, be more widespread, or present as hand eczema. Today, efficient methods for exposure quantification exist, and new insights regarding associated risk factors and immunological mechanisms underlying the disease have been obtained. Nevertheless, questions remain in relation to the pathogenesis, the persistent high prevalence, and the treatment of severe cases.
AB - Nickel is the most frequent cause of contact allergy worldwide and has been studied extensively. This clinical review provides an updated overview of the epidemiology, exposure sources, methods for exposure quantification, skin deposition and penetration, immunology, diagnosis, thresholds for sensitization and elicitation, clinical pictures, prevention, and treatment. The implementation of a nickel regulation in Europe led to a decrease in the prevalence of nickel allergy, and changes in the clinical picture and disease severity. Nevertheless, the prevalences of nickel allergy in the European general population are approximately 8% to 19% in adults and 8% to 10% in children and adolescents, with a strong female predominance. Well-known consumer items such as jewellery and metal in clothing are still the main causes of nickel allergy and dermatitis, although a wide range of items for both private and occupational use may cause dermatitis. Allergic nickel dermatitis may be localized to the nickel exposure site, be more widespread, or present as hand eczema. Today, efficient methods for exposure quantification exist, and new insights regarding associated risk factors and immunological mechanisms underlying the disease have been obtained. Nevertheless, questions remain in relation to the pathogenesis, the persistent high prevalence, and the treatment of severe cases.
KW - allergic nickel dermatitis
KW - clinical review
KW - contact allergy
KW - nickel
U2 - 10.1111/cod.13327
DO - 10.1111/cod.13327
M3 - Review
C2 - 31140194
AN - SCOPUS:85068718657
VL - 81
SP - 227
EP - 241
JO - Contact Dermatitis
JF - Contact Dermatitis
SN - 0105-1873
IS - 4
ER -
ID: 236216567