Metabolic response to high-carbohydrate and low-carbohydrate meals in a nonhuman primate model
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Metabolic response to high-carbohydrate and low-carbohydrate meals in a nonhuman primate model. / Fabbrini, Elisa; Higgins, Paul B; Magkos, Faidon; Bastarrachea, Raul A; Voruganti, V Saroja; Comuzzie, Anthony G; Shade, Robert E; Gastaldelli, Amalia; Horton, Jay D; Omodei, Daniela; Patterson, Bruce W; Klein, Samuel.
In: American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vol. 304, No. 4, 2013, p. E444-E451.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Metabolic response to high-carbohydrate and low-carbohydrate meals in a nonhuman primate model
AU - Fabbrini, Elisa
AU - Higgins, Paul B
AU - Magkos, Faidon
AU - Bastarrachea, Raul A
AU - Voruganti, V Saroja
AU - Comuzzie, Anthony G
AU - Shade, Robert E
AU - Gastaldelli, Amalia
AU - Horton, Jay D
AU - Omodei, Daniela
AU - Patterson, Bruce W
AU - Klein, Samuel
N1 - (Ekstern)
PY - 2013
Y1 - 2013
N2 - We established a model of chronic portal vein catheterization in an awake nonhuman primate to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic response to low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LCHF; 20% carbohydrate and 65% fat) and high-carbohydrate/low-fat (HCLF; 65% carbohydrate and 20% fat) meal ingestion. Each meal was given 1 wk apart to five young adult (7.8 ± 1.3 yr old) male baboons. A [U-¹³C]glucose tracer was added to the meal, and a [6,6-²H₂]glucose tracer was infused systemically to assess glucose kinetics. Plasma areas under the curve (AUCs) of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in the femoral artery and of glucose and insulin in the portal vein were higher (P ≤ 0.05) after ingestion of the HCLF compared with the LCHF meal. Compared with the LCHF meal, the rate of appearance of ingested glucose into the portal vein and the systemic circulation was greater after the HCLF meal (P < 0.05). Endogenous glucose production decreased by ∼40% after ingestion of the HCLF meal but was not affected by the LCHF meal (P < 0.05). Portal vein blood flow increased (P < 0.001) to a similar extent after consumption of either meal. In conclusion, a LCHF diet causes minimal changes in the rate of glucose appearance in both portal and systemic circulations, does not affect the rate of endogenous glucose production, and causes minimal stimulation of C-peptide and insulin. These observations demonstrate that LCHF diets cause minimal perturbations in glucose homeostasis and pancreatic β-cell activity.
AB - We established a model of chronic portal vein catheterization in an awake nonhuman primate to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic response to low-carbohydrate/high-fat (LCHF; 20% carbohydrate and 65% fat) and high-carbohydrate/low-fat (HCLF; 65% carbohydrate and 20% fat) meal ingestion. Each meal was given 1 wk apart to five young adult (7.8 ± 1.3 yr old) male baboons. A [U-¹³C]glucose tracer was added to the meal, and a [6,6-²H₂]glucose tracer was infused systemically to assess glucose kinetics. Plasma areas under the curve (AUCs) of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide in the femoral artery and of glucose and insulin in the portal vein were higher (P ≤ 0.05) after ingestion of the HCLF compared with the LCHF meal. Compared with the LCHF meal, the rate of appearance of ingested glucose into the portal vein and the systemic circulation was greater after the HCLF meal (P < 0.05). Endogenous glucose production decreased by ∼40% after ingestion of the HCLF meal but was not affected by the LCHF meal (P < 0.05). Portal vein blood flow increased (P < 0.001) to a similar extent after consumption of either meal. In conclusion, a LCHF diet causes minimal changes in the rate of glucose appearance in both portal and systemic circulations, does not affect the rate of endogenous glucose production, and causes minimal stimulation of C-peptide and insulin. These observations demonstrate that LCHF diets cause minimal perturbations in glucose homeostasis and pancreatic β-cell activity.
KW - Animals
KW - Blood Glucose/analysis
KW - C-Reactive Protein/analysis
KW - Carbon Radioisotopes
KW - Cross-Over Studies
KW - Deuterium
KW - Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted/adverse effects
KW - Diet, High-Fat/adverse effects
KW - Dietary Carbohydrates/administration & dosage
KW - Glucagon/blood
KW - Gluconeogenesis
KW - Glucose/metabolism
KW - Insulin/blood
KW - Insulin Secretion
KW - Islets of Langerhans/metabolism
KW - Male
KW - Meals
KW - Models, Biological
KW - Papio hamadryas
KW - Postprandial Period
KW - Random Allocation
U2 - 10.1152/ajpendo.00347.2012
DO - 10.1152/ajpendo.00347.2012
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 23269412
VL - 304
SP - E444-E451
JO - American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
SN - 0193-1849
IS - 4
ER -
ID: 289971275