Flavobacterium psychrophilum: Response of Vaccinated Large Rainbow Trout to Different Strains
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Flavobacterium psychrophilum : Response of Vaccinated Large Rainbow Trout to Different Strains. / Marana, Moonika H.; Dalsgaard, Inger; Kania, Per Walter; Mohamed, Abdu; Hannibal, Jens; Buchmann, Kurt.
In: Biology, Vol. 11, No. 12, 1701, 2022.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Flavobacterium psychrophilum
T2 - Response of Vaccinated Large Rainbow Trout to Different Strains
AU - Marana, Moonika H.
AU - Dalsgaard, Inger
AU - Kania, Per Walter
AU - Mohamed, Abdu
AU - Hannibal, Jens
AU - Buchmann, Kurt
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Background: Although Flavobacterium psychrophilum is recognized as the causative pathogen of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS), often resulting in high fry mortality, it is also responsible for bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) in large and older rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These older fish do not experience high mortality, but sustain, through the shedding of bacteria, a constant infection pressure at farm level, which exposes fry to an unnecessary infection risk. We have produced and assessed the immunogenicity of an experimental injection BCWD vaccine, which may be used to decrease the shedding of bacteria from older fish. Methods: A total of 800 fish were i.p.-injected: 200 fish received the bacterin with adjuvant, 200 fish received the bacterin alone, 200 fish received adjuvant alone and 200 fish were injected with physiological saline. Blood samples were taken at day 0 and at three different time points (4, 8 and 14 weeks) post-vaccination. Plasma antibody levels were measured by ELISA for reactivity against both the homologous F. psychrophilum vaccine strain (serotype Fd) and heterologous strains (serotype Th). Results: Significantly elevated antibody titers were found against all serotypes in vaccinated fish. Welfare parameters associated with the vaccination process were evaluated by analyzing trout plasma samples for six different biochemical parameters, but no adverse effects associated with injection were indicated. Conclusions: The study suggests that an injection vaccine containing formalin-inactivated whole cells of F. psychrophilum (serotype Fd), adjuvanted with FIA, may also induce protection against heterologous strains. We advocate for, as the next step, the performance of field trials evaluating if the vaccination of older rainbow trout will (1) reduce the infection pressure in farms, (2) elevate the general health level in all groups and (3) minimize F. psychrophilum infection in fry at farm level. This may reduce the need for the administration of antibiotics in all age classes.
AB - Background: Although Flavobacterium psychrophilum is recognized as the causative pathogen of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS), often resulting in high fry mortality, it is also responsible for bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) in large and older rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). These older fish do not experience high mortality, but sustain, through the shedding of bacteria, a constant infection pressure at farm level, which exposes fry to an unnecessary infection risk. We have produced and assessed the immunogenicity of an experimental injection BCWD vaccine, which may be used to decrease the shedding of bacteria from older fish. Methods: A total of 800 fish were i.p.-injected: 200 fish received the bacterin with adjuvant, 200 fish received the bacterin alone, 200 fish received adjuvant alone and 200 fish were injected with physiological saline. Blood samples were taken at day 0 and at three different time points (4, 8 and 14 weeks) post-vaccination. Plasma antibody levels were measured by ELISA for reactivity against both the homologous F. psychrophilum vaccine strain (serotype Fd) and heterologous strains (serotype Th). Results: Significantly elevated antibody titers were found against all serotypes in vaccinated fish. Welfare parameters associated with the vaccination process were evaluated by analyzing trout plasma samples for six different biochemical parameters, but no adverse effects associated with injection were indicated. Conclusions: The study suggests that an injection vaccine containing formalin-inactivated whole cells of F. psychrophilum (serotype Fd), adjuvanted with FIA, may also induce protection against heterologous strains. We advocate for, as the next step, the performance of field trials evaluating if the vaccination of older rainbow trout will (1) reduce the infection pressure in farms, (2) elevate the general health level in all groups and (3) minimize F. psychrophilum infection in fry at farm level. This may reduce the need for the administration of antibiotics in all age classes.
KW - aquaculture
KW - bacterial cold water disease
KW - Flavobacterium psychrophilum
KW - injection vaccination
KW - rainbow trout fry syndrome
U2 - 10.3390/biology11121701
DO - 10.3390/biology11121701
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 36552211
AN - SCOPUS:85144658105
VL - 11
JO - Biology
JF - Biology
SN - 2079-7737
IS - 12
M1 - 1701
ER -
ID: 330899969