ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a rural Rwandan community: Carriage among community members, livestock, farm products and environment
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ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a rural Rwandan community : Carriage among community members, livestock, farm products and environment. / Geuther, Nadja; Mbarushimana, Djibril; Habarugira, Felix; Buregeya, Jean Damascene; Kollatzsch, Mandy; Pfüller, Roland; Mugabowindekwe, Maurice; Ndoli, Jules; Mockenhaupt, Frank P.
In: Tropical Medicine & International Health, Vol. 28, No. 11, 2023, p. 855-863.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in a rural Rwandan community
T2 - Carriage among community members, livestock, farm products and environment
AU - Geuther, Nadja
AU - Mbarushimana, Djibril
AU - Habarugira, Felix
AU - Buregeya, Jean Damascene
AU - Kollatzsch, Mandy
AU - Pfüller, Roland
AU - Mugabowindekwe, Maurice
AU - Ndoli, Jules
AU - Mockenhaupt, Frank P.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - ObjectivesExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are spreading globally. However, respective data from African communities including livestock and environmental specimens are rare. In a rural community of southern Rwanda, we assessed intestinal carriage of ESBL-PE among residents and livestock as well as presence in household specimens and examined associated factors.MethodsSamples of humans and livestock (both rectal swabs), soil, water, vegetables and animal products were collected within 312 community households in Sovu, Southern Rwanda. Specimens were screened for ESBL-PE on chromogenic agar, and susceptibility to common antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion assays. Socio-demographic information was collected with questionnaires focusing on the socio-economic background, alimentation, living conditions, hygiene measures and medical history of the participants.ResultsData and specimens from 312 randomly selected households including 617 human beings, 620 livestock and of approximately each 300 kitchen vegetables, animal products, soil and drinking water were analysed. Overall, 14.8% of 2508 collected samples were positive for ESBL-PE; figures were highest for humans (37.9%) and livestock (15.6%), lower for vegetables (3.8%) and animal products (3.3%), and lowest for soil (1.6%) and water (0.6%). Most detected ESBL-PE were Escherichia coli (93.5%) in addition to Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.5%). Cross-resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole was common. Logistic regression identified increasing age, another ESBL-PE positive household member, prolonged time for fetching water, current diarrhoea and the ability to pay school fees as independent predictors of intestinal ESBL-PE carriage among community members.ConclusionsESBL-PE carriage is common in a rural Rwandan farming community. Carriage in livestock is not associated with human carriage. Associated factors suggest few addressable risk factors. The data indicate that in southern Rwanda, ESBL-PE are no longer primarily hospital-based but circulate in the community.
AB - ObjectivesExtended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) are spreading globally. However, respective data from African communities including livestock and environmental specimens are rare. In a rural community of southern Rwanda, we assessed intestinal carriage of ESBL-PE among residents and livestock as well as presence in household specimens and examined associated factors.MethodsSamples of humans and livestock (both rectal swabs), soil, water, vegetables and animal products were collected within 312 community households in Sovu, Southern Rwanda. Specimens were screened for ESBL-PE on chromogenic agar, and susceptibility to common antibiotics was determined by disc diffusion assays. Socio-demographic information was collected with questionnaires focusing on the socio-economic background, alimentation, living conditions, hygiene measures and medical history of the participants.ResultsData and specimens from 312 randomly selected households including 617 human beings, 620 livestock and of approximately each 300 kitchen vegetables, animal products, soil and drinking water were analysed. Overall, 14.8% of 2508 collected samples were positive for ESBL-PE; figures were highest for humans (37.9%) and livestock (15.6%), lower for vegetables (3.8%) and animal products (3.3%), and lowest for soil (1.6%) and water (0.6%). Most detected ESBL-PE were Escherichia coli (93.5%) in addition to Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.5%). Cross-resistance to ampicillin-sulbactam, ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole was common. Logistic regression identified increasing age, another ESBL-PE positive household member, prolonged time for fetching water, current diarrhoea and the ability to pay school fees as independent predictors of intestinal ESBL-PE carriage among community members.ConclusionsESBL-PE carriage is common in a rural Rwandan farming community. Carriage in livestock is not associated with human carriage. Associated factors suggest few addressable risk factors. The data indicate that in southern Rwanda, ESBL-PE are no longer primarily hospital-based but circulate in the community.
U2 - 10.1111/tmi.13934
DO - 10.1111/tmi.13934
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37752871
VL - 28
SP - 855
EP - 863
JO - Tropical Medicine & International Health
JF - Tropical Medicine & International Health
SN - 1360-2276
IS - 11
ER -
ID: 368338906