Effect of an Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet and pentadecanoic acid on fatty liver disease: the TANGO randomized controlled trial
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Effect of an Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet and pentadecanoic acid on fatty liver disease : the TANGO randomized controlled trial. / TANGO Study Group.
In: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 119, No. 3, 2024, p. 788-799.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of an Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet and pentadecanoic acid on fatty liver disease
T2 - the TANGO randomized controlled trial
AU - Chooi, Yu Chung
AU - Zhang, Qinze Arthur
AU - Magkos, Faidon
AU - Ng, Maisie
AU - Michael, Navin
AU - Wu, Xiaorong
AU - Volchanskaya, Vera Sergeyevna Brok
AU - Lai, Xianning
AU - Wanjaya, Elvy Riani
AU - Elejalde, Untzizu
AU - Goh, Chew Chan
AU - Yap, Clara Poh Lian
AU - Wong, Long Hui
AU - Lim, Kevin Junliang
AU - Velan, S. Sendhil
AU - Yaligar, Jadegoud
AU - Muthiah, Mark Dhinesh
AU - Chong, Yap Seng
AU - Loo, Evelyn Xiu Ling
AU - Eriksson, Johan G.
AU - Lim, Kezlyn Li Ming
AU - Kouk, Mabel Shu Fung
AU - Mei Chong, Evelyn Wai
AU - Gani, Munirah Abd
AU - Li, Lisha
AU - Tay, Vicky Hwee Kee
AU - Kway, Yeshe Manuel
AU - Kumar, Mukkesh
AU - Sadananthan, Suresh Anand
AU - Khoo, Kaijie
AU - Koh, Danyu
AU - Lim, Rebecca
AU - Kang, Chin Wei
AU - Sin, Kwang Li
AU - Lim, Jun Wei
AU - TANGO Study Group
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Background: Weight loss is the most effective treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is evidence that the Mediterranean diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids and fiber have beneficial effects on weight homeostasis and metabolic risk factors in individuals with NAFLD. Studies have also shown that higher circulating concentrations of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) are associated with a lower risk for NAFLD. Objectives: To examine the effects of a Mediterranean-like, culturally contextualized Asian diet rich in fiber and unsaturated fatty acids, with or without C15:0 supplementation, in Chinese females with NAFLD. Methods: In a double-blinded, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial, 88 Chinese females with NAFLD were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups for 12 wk: diet with C15:0 supplementation (n = 31), diet without C15:0 supplementation (n = 28), or control (habitual diet and no C15:0 supplementation, n = 29). At baseline and after the intervention, body fat percentage, intrahepatic lipid content, muscle and abdominal fat, liver enzymes, cardiometabolic risk factors, and gut microbiome were assessed. Results: In the intention-to-treat analysis, weight reductions of 4.0 ± 0.5 kg (5.3%), 3.4 ± 0.5 kg (4.5%), and 1.5 ± 0.5 kg (2.1%) were achieved in the diet-with-C15:0, diet without-C15:0, and the control groups, respectively. The proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the liver decreased by 33%, 30%, and 10%, respectively. Both diet groups achieved significantly greater reductions in body weight, liver PDFF, total cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and triglyceride concentrations compared with the control group. C15:0 supplementation reduced LDL-cholesterol further, and increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Fat mass, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (deep and superficial), insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and blood pressure decreased significantly in all groups, in parallel with weight loss. Conclusion: Mild weight loss induced by a Mediterranean-like diet adapted for Asians has multiple beneficial health effects in females with NAFLD. C15:0 supplementation lowers LDL-cholesterol and may cause beneficial shifts in the gut microbiome. Trial registration number: This trial was registered at the clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05259475.
AB - Background: Weight loss is the most effective treatment for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). There is evidence that the Mediterranean diets rich in unsaturated fatty acids and fiber have beneficial effects on weight homeostasis and metabolic risk factors in individuals with NAFLD. Studies have also shown that higher circulating concentrations of pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) are associated with a lower risk for NAFLD. Objectives: To examine the effects of a Mediterranean-like, culturally contextualized Asian diet rich in fiber and unsaturated fatty acids, with or without C15:0 supplementation, in Chinese females with NAFLD. Methods: In a double-blinded, parallel-design, randomized controlled trial, 88 Chinese females with NAFLD were randomly assigned to 1 of the 3 groups for 12 wk: diet with C15:0 supplementation (n = 31), diet without C15:0 supplementation (n = 28), or control (habitual diet and no C15:0 supplementation, n = 29). At baseline and after the intervention, body fat percentage, intrahepatic lipid content, muscle and abdominal fat, liver enzymes, cardiometabolic risk factors, and gut microbiome were assessed. Results: In the intention-to-treat analysis, weight reductions of 4.0 ± 0.5 kg (5.3%), 3.4 ± 0.5 kg (4.5%), and 1.5 ± 0.5 kg (2.1%) were achieved in the diet-with-C15:0, diet without-C15:0, and the control groups, respectively. The proton density fat fraction (PDFF) of the liver decreased by 33%, 30%, and 10%, respectively. Both diet groups achieved significantly greater reductions in body weight, liver PDFF, total cholesterol, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and triglyceride concentrations compared with the control group. C15:0 supplementation reduced LDL-cholesterol further, and increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Fat mass, visceral adipose tissue, subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (deep and superficial), insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and blood pressure decreased significantly in all groups, in parallel with weight loss. Conclusion: Mild weight loss induced by a Mediterranean-like diet adapted for Asians has multiple beneficial health effects in females with NAFLD. C15:0 supplementation lowers LDL-cholesterol and may cause beneficial shifts in the gut microbiome. Trial registration number: This trial was registered at the clinicaltrials.gov as NCT05259475.
KW - Asian-adapted Mediterranean diet
KW - C15:0
KW - Chinese female
KW - NAFLD
KW - Pentadecanoic acid
KW - Weight loss
U2 - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.11.013
DO - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.11.013
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 38035997
AN - SCOPUS:85183990922
VL - 119
SP - 788
EP - 799
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
SN - 0002-9165
IS - 3
ER -
ID: 387257744