Association between substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempt: A Danish nation-wide register-based study
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Association between substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempt : A Danish nation-wide register-based study. / Munch, Solvejg Dam; Madsen, Trine; Nordentoft, Merete; Erlangsen, Annette; Hjorthøj, Carsten.
In: Addiction, Vol. 118, No. 12, 2023, p. 2440-2448.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempt
T2 - A Danish nation-wide register-based study
AU - Munch, Solvejg Dam
AU - Madsen, Trine
AU - Nordentoft, Merete
AU - Erlangsen, Annette
AU - Hjorthøj, Carsten
N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Addiction published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society for the Study of Addiction.
PY - 2023
Y1 - 2023
N2 - Background and aims: Substance-induced psychosis has previously been linked to an excess risk of suicide; however, the association between substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempt has hitherto not been investigated. We investigated whether substance-induced psychosis was associated with a higher risk of subsequent suicide attempt. Design: Nation-wide prospective register-based cohort study. Setting: Denmark. Participants: All people living in Denmark aged 13 years or more during 1995 to 2017. Measurements: Substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempts were identified through hospital records as ICD-10 codes. Findings: A total of 8900 (78.8% males) individuals were diagnosed with a substance-induced psychosis, and 740 of these had a suicide attempt during follow-up. People with a substance-induced psychosis had a higher risk of a subsequent suicide attempt [hazard ratio (HR) = 13.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 12.4–14.4] when compared with the general population. The highest hazard ratios were found for psychosis induced by opioids (HR = 26.4, 95% CI = 18.2–38.2); alcohol (HR = 17.7, 95% CI = 15.2–20.6); sedatives (HR = 17.2, 95% CI = 8.9–33.0); and cocaine (HR = 15.6, 95% CI = 10.7–22.8), while cannabis-induced psychosis was linked to an HR of 8.9 (95% CI = 7.7–10.3). Approximately 15% of patients with substance-induced psychosis had had a suicide attempt within 20 years of their substance-induced psychosis diagnosis. Conclusions: In Denmark, substance-induced psychosis appears to be strongly associated with subsequent suicide attempt, underscoring the importance of attention and better follow-up for this patient group.
AB - Background and aims: Substance-induced psychosis has previously been linked to an excess risk of suicide; however, the association between substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempt has hitherto not been investigated. We investigated whether substance-induced psychosis was associated with a higher risk of subsequent suicide attempt. Design: Nation-wide prospective register-based cohort study. Setting: Denmark. Participants: All people living in Denmark aged 13 years or more during 1995 to 2017. Measurements: Substance-induced psychosis and suicide attempts were identified through hospital records as ICD-10 codes. Findings: A total of 8900 (78.8% males) individuals were diagnosed with a substance-induced psychosis, and 740 of these had a suicide attempt during follow-up. People with a substance-induced psychosis had a higher risk of a subsequent suicide attempt [hazard ratio (HR) = 13.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 12.4–14.4] when compared with the general population. The highest hazard ratios were found for psychosis induced by opioids (HR = 26.4, 95% CI = 18.2–38.2); alcohol (HR = 17.7, 95% CI = 15.2–20.6); sedatives (HR = 17.2, 95% CI = 8.9–33.0); and cocaine (HR = 15.6, 95% CI = 10.7–22.8), while cannabis-induced psychosis was linked to an HR of 8.9 (95% CI = 7.7–10.3). Approximately 15% of patients with substance-induced psychosis had had a suicide attempt within 20 years of their substance-induced psychosis diagnosis. Conclusions: In Denmark, substance-induced psychosis appears to be strongly associated with subsequent suicide attempt, underscoring the importance of attention and better follow-up for this patient group.
KW - cannabis
KW - epidemiology
KW - self-harm
KW - substance use disorder
KW - substance-induced psychosis
KW - suicide attempt
U2 - 10.1111/add.16311
DO - 10.1111/add.16311
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 37574563
AN - SCOPUS:85167972450
VL - 118
SP - 2440
EP - 2448
JO - Addiction
JF - Addiction
SN - 0965-2140
IS - 12
ER -
ID: 363185359