TY - JOUR

T1 - Anterior-posterior glenohumeral translation in shoulders with traumatic anterior instability

T2 - a systematic review of the literature

AU - Malmberg, Catarina

AU - Andreasen, Kristine Rask

AU - Bencke, Jesper

AU - Hölmich, Per

AU - Barfod, Kristoffer Weisskirchner

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Author(s)

PY - 2023/11

Y1 - 2023/11

N2 - Background: Reports of glenohumeral translation in shoulders with traumatic anterior instability have been presented. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate anterior-posterior translation in shoulders with traumatic anterior instability. Methods: This systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies including patients aged ≥15 years with previous traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation or subluxation were included. The outcome was anterior-posterior glenohumeral translation. A search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library was performed on July 17, 2022. Two reviewers individually screened titles and abstracts, reviewed full text, extracted data, and performed quality assessment. Results: Twenty studies (582 unstable shoulders in total) of varying quality were included. There was a lack of standardization and unity across studies. Radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, motion tracking, instrumentation, and manual testing were used to assess the glenohumeral translation. The glenohumeral translation in unstable shoulders ranged from 0.0 ± 0.8 mm to 11.6 ± 3.7 mm, as measured during various motion tasks, arm positions, and application of external force. The glenohumeral translation was larger or more anteriorly directed in unstable shoulders than in stable when contralateral healthy shoulders or a healthy control group were included in the studies. Several studies found that the humeral head was more anteriorly located on the glenoid in the unstable shoulders. Conclusion: This systematic review provides an overview of the current literature on glenohumeral translation in traumatic anterior shoulder instability. It was not able to identify a threshold for abnormal translation in unstable shoulders, due to the heterogeneity of data. The review supports that not only the range of translation but also the direction hereof as well as the location of the humeral head on the glenoid seem to be part of the pathophysiology. Technical development and increased attention to research methodology in recent years may provide more knowledge and clarity on this topic in the future.

AB - Background: Reports of glenohumeral translation in shoulders with traumatic anterior instability have been presented. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate anterior-posterior translation in shoulders with traumatic anterior instability. Methods: This systematic review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies including patients aged ≥15 years with previous traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation or subluxation were included. The outcome was anterior-posterior glenohumeral translation. A search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library was performed on July 17, 2022. Two reviewers individually screened titles and abstracts, reviewed full text, extracted data, and performed quality assessment. Results: Twenty studies (582 unstable shoulders in total) of varying quality were included. There was a lack of standardization and unity across studies. Radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, motion tracking, instrumentation, and manual testing were used to assess the glenohumeral translation. The glenohumeral translation in unstable shoulders ranged from 0.0 ± 0.8 mm to 11.6 ± 3.7 mm, as measured during various motion tasks, arm positions, and application of external force. The glenohumeral translation was larger or more anteriorly directed in unstable shoulders than in stable when contralateral healthy shoulders or a healthy control group were included in the studies. Several studies found that the humeral head was more anteriorly located on the glenoid in the unstable shoulders. Conclusion: This systematic review provides an overview of the current literature on glenohumeral translation in traumatic anterior shoulder instability. It was not able to identify a threshold for abnormal translation in unstable shoulders, due to the heterogeneity of data. The review supports that not only the range of translation but also the direction hereof as well as the location of the humeral head on the glenoid seem to be part of the pathophysiology. Technical development and increased attention to research methodology in recent years may provide more knowledge and clarity on this topic in the future.

KW - Anterior shoulder instability

KW - Glenohumeral instability

KW - Glenohumeral translation

KW - Level IV

KW - Shoulder biomechanics

KW - Shoulder instability

KW - Shoulder kinematics

KW - Systematic Review

U2 - 10.1016/j.xrrt.2023.07.002

DO - 10.1016/j.xrrt.2023.07.002

M3 - Review

C2 - 37928995

AN - SCOPUS:85174179291

VL - 3

SP - 477

EP - 493

JO - JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques

JF - JSES Reviews, Reports, and Techniques

SN - 2666-6391

IS - 4

ER -