The trajectory of emotional and non-emotional cognitive function in newly diagnosed patients with bipolar disorder and their unaffected relatives: A 16-month follow-up study
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Cognitive impairments are evident in remitted patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and their unaffected relatives (UR) compared to healthy controls (HC). However, the temporal course of cognition, and whether cognition is marked by neuroprogressive changes, remain unclear. In a large prospective study of newly diagnosed patients with BD, we assessed patients with BD (n = 266), UR (n = 105) and HC (n = 190) using an extensive cognitive battery of non-emotional and emotional cognition at baseline and 16-months follow-up. Cognitive change across groups was examined with linear mixed-model analyses. Results showed no evidence of trajectory differences between patients with BD, UR, and HC in neurocognition and emotional cognition (ps≥.10). Patients with BD showed stable impairments in global neurocognitive functioning over time, as well as within the domains of ‘working memory and executive function’ and ‘attention and psychomotor speed’, compared to HC. Patients who relapsed during the follow-up time were less successful at down-regulating emotions in positive social scenarios compared to HC. Unaffected relatives also displayed stable deficits in ‘working memory and executive function’ over time, with performance at intermediate levels between BD probands and HC. Finally, poorer neurocognition and positive emotion regulation were associated with more subsyndromal symptoms and functional impairments. In conclusion, we found no evidence of a neuroprogressive origin of cognitive impairments in the newly diagnosed BD or in their UR. Patients’ and UR's impairments in working memory and executive function may reflect a stable cognitive trait-marker of familial risk. Difficulties with positive emotion regulation may be associated with illness progression in BD.
Originalsprog | Engelsk |
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Tidsskrift | European Neuropsychopharmacology |
Vol/bind | 67 |
Sider (fra-til) | 4-21 |
Antal sider | 18 |
ISSN | 0924-977X |
DOI | |
Status | Udgivet - 2023 |
Bibliografisk note
Funding Information:
The Research Fund of the Mental Health Services – Capital Region of Denmark has provided HLK's post-doctorate salary. KWM holds a five-year Lundbeck Foundation Fellowship (grant no. R215–2015–4121).
Funding Information:
The BIO study is funded by grants from the Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, The Danish Council for Independent Research, Medical Sciences (DFF-4183–00570), Weimans Fund, Markedsmodningsfonden (the Market Development Fund 2015–310 ), Gangstedfonden ( A29594 ), Helsefonden ( 16-B-0063 ), Innovation Fund Denmark (the Innovation Fund, Denmark, 5164–00001B ), Copenhagen Center for Health Technology (CACHET), EU H2020 ITN (EU project 722561), Augustinusfonden (16–0083), and The Capital Region of Denmark (A6924).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s)
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