Hypercongestion in downtown metropolis
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Hypercongestion in downtown metropolis. / Fosgerau, Mogens; Small, Kenneth A.
I: Journal of Urban Economics, Bind 76, Nr. 1, 07.2013, s. 122-134.Publikation: Bidrag til tidsskrift › Tidsskriftartikel › Forskning › fagfællebedømt
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Hypercongestion in downtown metropolis
AU - Fosgerau, Mogens
AU - Small, Kenneth A.
PY - 2013/7
Y1 - 2013/7
N2 - Engineering studies demonstrate that traffic in dense downtown areas obeys a stable functional relationship between average speed and density, including a region of 'hypercongestion', where flow decreases with density. This situation can be described as queuing behind a bottleneck whose capacity declines when the queue is large. We combine such a variable-capacity bottleneck with Vickrey scheduling preferences for the special case, where there are only two possible levels of capacity. Solving the model leads to several new insights, including that the marginal cost of adding a traveler is especially sensitive to the lowest level of capacity reached. We analyze an optimal toll, a coarse toll, and metering, showing substantial benefits from using these policies to eliminate the period of reduced capacity. Under hypercongestion, all of these policies can be designed so that travelers gain even without considering any toll revenues.
AB - Engineering studies demonstrate that traffic in dense downtown areas obeys a stable functional relationship between average speed and density, including a region of 'hypercongestion', where flow decreases with density. This situation can be described as queuing behind a bottleneck whose capacity declines when the queue is large. We combine such a variable-capacity bottleneck with Vickrey scheduling preferences for the special case, where there are only two possible levels of capacity. Solving the model leads to several new insights, including that the marginal cost of adding a traveler is especially sensitive to the lowest level of capacity reached. We analyze an optimal toll, a coarse toll, and metering, showing substantial benefits from using these policies to eliminate the period of reduced capacity. Under hypercongestion, all of these policies can be designed so that travelers gain even without considering any toll revenues.
KW - Congestion
KW - Hypercongestion
KW - Road pricing
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84877925885&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jue.2012.12.004
DO - 10.1016/j.jue.2012.12.004
M3 - Journal article
AN - SCOPUS:84877925885
VL - 76
SP - 122
EP - 134
JO - Journal of Urban Economics
JF - Journal of Urban Economics
SN - 0094-1190
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 181871835