Differential effects of saturated and monounsaturated fats on postprandial lipemia and glucagon-like peptide 1 responses in patients with type 2 diabetes
Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
BACKGROUND: Postprandial lipemia is important in the development of coronary artery disease because of elevated postprandial triacylglycerol-rich plasma lipoproteins and suppressed HDL-cholesterol concentrations. We showed in healthy subjects a possible association between postprandial lipid metabolism and the responses of the duodenal incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide after meals rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid), respectively.
OBJECTIVE: The objective was to compare the postprandial responses (8 h) of glucose, insulin, fatty acids, triacylglycerol, gastric inhibitory polypeptide, and GLP-1 to saturated- and monounsaturated-rich test meals.
DESIGN: Twelve overweight patients with type 2 diabetes ingested 3 meals randomly: an energy-free soup with 50 g carbohydrate (control meal), the control meal plus 100 g butter, and the control meal plus 80 g olive oil. Triacylglycerol responses were measured in total plasma and in a chylomicron-rich and a chylomicron-poor fraction.
RESULTS: No significant differences in the glucose, insulin, or fatty acid responses to the 2 fat-rich meals were seen. The plasma triacylglycerol and chylomicron triacylglycerol responses were highest after the butter meal. HDL-cholesterol concentrations decreased significantly after the butter meal but did not change significantly after the olive oil meal. GLP-1 responses were highest after the olive oil meal.
CONCLUSIONS: Olive oil induced lower triacylglycerol concentrations and higher HDL-cholesterol concentrations than did butter, without eliciting significant changes in glucose, insulin, or fatty acids. Furthermore, olive oil induced higher concentrations of GLP-1, which may indicate a relation between fatty acid composition, incretin responses, and triacylglycerol metabolism postprandially in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Original language | English |
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Book series | Uden navn |
Volume | 77 |
Issue number | 3 |
Pages (from-to) | 605-11 |
Number of pages | 7 |
ISSN | 0002-9165 |
Publication status | Published - Mar 2003 |
- Area Under Curve, Blood Glucose, Butter, Cholesterol, HDL, Chylomicrons, Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Fatty Acids, Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated, Female, Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide, Glucagon, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1, Humans, Insulin, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Peptide Fragments, Plant Oils, Postprandial Period, Protein Precursors, Triglycerides
Research areas
ID: 132056247