The chapter examines the role that translation of judgments of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) has played in the dialogue between the Member States of the Council of Europe and the Court over time. The judgments of the ECtHR are produced in the two official languages, English and French, only, and translation into other languages was not an issue until the beginning of the Interlaken reform process in the early 2000s. It was introduced into the reform discourse under the heading of Member States’ knowledge and understanding of the Court’s case law. The chapter traces the development of translation arguments in the reform discourse and argues that considerations regarding translation into the national languages of the Member States indicate the institutional balance that exists at any given time in the interface between the national and European levels of the European human rights system.