The prevalence of chromium allergy in Denmark is currently increasing as a result of leather exposure
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The prevalence of chromium allergy in Denmark is currently increasing as a result of leather exposure. / Thyssen, J P; Jensen, P; Carlsen, B C; Engkilde, K; Menné, T; Johansen, J D.
In: British Journal of Dermatology, Vol. 161, No. 6, 2009, p. 1288-93.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The prevalence of chromium allergy in Denmark is currently increasing as a result of leather exposure
AU - Thyssen, J P
AU - Jensen, P
AU - Carlsen, B C
AU - Engkilde, K
AU - Menné, T
AU - Johansen, J D
N1 - Keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromium; Clothing; Coloring Agents; Denmark; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Female; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Occupational Exposure; Patch Tests; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Tanning; Young Adult
PY - 2009
Y1 - 2009
N2 - BACKGROUND: Chromium allergy has traditionally been caused by occupational skin contact with cement. In 1983, Danish legislation made the addition of ferrous sulphate compulsory in cement to reduce the water-soluble chromium content to not more than 2 ppm. An effect from this intervention has previously been demonstrated among Danish construction workers. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the development of chromium allergy among patients with dermatitis tested between 1985 and 2007 in Denmark. Furthermore, to determine causative exposures in patients with chromium allergy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patch test data was performed (n = 16,228) and charts from patients with chromium allergy were reviewed. Comparisons were made using a chi(2) test. Logistic regression analyses were used to test for associations. RESULTS: The prevalence of chromium allergy decreased significantly from 3.6% in 1985 to 1% in 1995 (P(trend) < 0.001) but increased to 3.3% in 2007 (P(trend) < 0.001). The frequency of clinically relevant cement exposure decreased significantly among patients with chromium allergy from 12.7% in 1989-1994 to 3.0% (P < 0.01) in 1995-2007, whereas the frequency of relevant leather exposure increased significantly from 24.1% during 1989-1994 to 45.5% during 1995-2007 (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Chromium allergy is currently increasing in Denmark due to leather exposure.
AB - BACKGROUND: Chromium allergy has traditionally been caused by occupational skin contact with cement. In 1983, Danish legislation made the addition of ferrous sulphate compulsory in cement to reduce the water-soluble chromium content to not more than 2 ppm. An effect from this intervention has previously been demonstrated among Danish construction workers. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the development of chromium allergy among patients with dermatitis tested between 1985 and 2007 in Denmark. Furthermore, to determine causative exposures in patients with chromium allergy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patch test data was performed (n = 16,228) and charts from patients with chromium allergy were reviewed. Comparisons were made using a chi(2) test. Logistic regression analyses were used to test for associations. RESULTS: The prevalence of chromium allergy decreased significantly from 3.6% in 1985 to 1% in 1995 (P(trend) < 0.001) but increased to 3.3% in 2007 (P(trend) < 0.001). The frequency of clinically relevant cement exposure decreased significantly among patients with chromium allergy from 12.7% in 1989-1994 to 3.0% (P < 0.01) in 1995-2007, whereas the frequency of relevant leather exposure increased significantly from 24.1% during 1989-1994 to 45.5% during 1995-2007 (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Chromium allergy is currently increasing in Denmark due to leather exposure.
U2 - 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09405.x
DO - 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09405.x
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 19673874
VL - 161
SP - 1288
EP - 1293
JO - British Journal of Dermatology
JF - British Journal of Dermatology
SN - 0007-0963
IS - 6
ER -
ID: 20319348