Aims: The urinary marker of RNA oxidation, 8‑oxo‑7,8‑dihydroguanosine (8-oxoGuo), but not the corresponding marker of DNA oxidation, 8‑oxo‑7,8‑dihydro‑2′‑deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), is a prognostic biomarker in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of structured personal care (individualized multifactorial treatment) versus standard care on RNA oxidation level in patients with T2D and to assess if the effect of structured personal care on all-cause and diabetes-related mortality was modified by RNA oxidation level. Methods: Urine samples were analyzed for 8-oxoGuo/8-oxodG from 1381 newly diagnosed T2D patients from the cluster randomized trial Diabetes Care in General Practice cohort, and 970 patients were reexamined after six years of intervention. Results: The yearly variation in RNA oxidation levels were not significantly different between the structured personal care group and standard care group. The effect of treatment on all-cause and diabetes-related mortality was not modified by the level of RNA oxidation. No changes in DNA oxidation were seen. Conclusions: Structured personal care does not influence RNA oxidation level nor is it better for patients with high RNA oxidation level. Thus, structured personal care may not impact the disease-related aspects identified by RNA oxidation level in T2D patients.