Rat embryo fibroblasts require both the cell-binding and the heparin-binding domains of fibronectin for survival.

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Fibronectin (FN) is known to transduce signal(s) to rescue cells from detachment-induced apoptosis (anoikis) through an integrin-mediated survival pathway. However, the functions of individual FN domains have not been studied in detail. In the present study we investigated whether the interaction of the cell-binding domain of FN with integrin is sufficient to rescue rat embryo fibroblasts (REFs) from detachment-induced apoptosis. REFs attached and spread normally after plating on substrates coated with either intact FN or a FN fragment, FN120, that contains the cell-binding domain but lacks the C-terminal heparin-binding domain, HepII. REFs on FN maintained a well-spread fibroblastic shape and even proliferated in serum-free medium at 20 h after plating. In contrast, previously well-spread REFs on FN120 started losing fibroblastic shape with time and detached from FN120-coated plates after approx. 8 h. Nuclear condensation indicated apototic cell death. This was due to the decreased activity/stability of focal adhesion kinase (pp125FAK) in the absence of HepII domain. A peptide in the HepII domain [peptide V, WQPPRARI (single-letter amino acid codes)], which has previously been implicated in cytoskeletal organization, rescued apoptotic changes. Consistently, pp125FAK phosphorylation was increased, and both cleavage of pp125FAK and activation of caspase 3 on FN120 were partly blocked by peptide V. Thus the interaction of the cell-binding domain with integrin has a major role in cell survival but is itself not sufficient for cell survival. One or more additional survival signals come from the HepII domain to regulate pp125FAK activity/stability.
Original languageEnglish
JournalBiochemical Journal
Volume356
Issue numberPt 2
Pages (from-to)531-7
Number of pages6
ISSN0264-6021
Publication statusPublished - 2001

Bibliographical note

Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence; Animals; Binding Sites; Caspase 3; Caspases; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Embryo, Mammalian; Fibroblasts; Fibronectins; Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Heparin; Integrins; Protein Structure, Tertiary; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; Rats; Signal Transduction

ID: 5163181