Pyrimidine and nucleoside gamma-esters of L-Glu-Sar: synthesis, stability and interaction with hPEPT1
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Pyrimidine and nucleoside gamma-esters of L-Glu-Sar : synthesis, stability and interaction with hPEPT1. / Eriksson, André H; Elm, Peter L; Begtrup, Mikael; Brodin, Birger; Nielsen, Robert; Steffansen, Bente.
In: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vol. 25, No. 1, 2005, p. 145-154.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Pyrimidine and nucleoside gamma-esters of L-Glu-Sar
T2 - synthesis, stability and interaction with hPEPT1
AU - Eriksson, André H
AU - Elm, Peter L
AU - Begtrup, Mikael
AU - Brodin, Birger
AU - Nielsen, Robert
AU - Steffansen, Bente
N1 - Keywords: Bioreversible derivatives; Dipeptide; Aqueous stability; hPEPT1; Caco-2; Intracellular pH
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - The aim of the present study was to improve the synthetic pathway of bioreversible dipeptide derivatives as well as evaluate the potential of using l-Glu-Sar as a pro-moiety for delivering three newly synthesised nucleoside and pyrimidine l-Glu-Sar derivatives. l-Glu(trans-2-thymine-1-yl-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester)-Sar (I), l-Glu(thymine-1-yl-methyl ester)-Sar (II) and l-Glu(acyclothymidine)-Sar (III) were synthesised and in vitro stability was studied in various aqueous and biological media. Affinity to and translocation via hPEPT1 was investigated in mature Caco-2 cell monolayers, grown on permeable supports. Affinity was estimated in a competition assay, using [14C] labelled Gly-Sar (glycylsarcosine). Translocation was measured as pHi-changes induced by the substrates using the fluorescent probe BCECF and an epifluorescence microscope setup. All dipeptide derivatives released the model drugs quantitatively by specific base-catalysed hydrolysis at pH>6.0. II was labile in aqueous buffer solution, whereas I and III showed appropriate stability for oral administration. In 10% porcine intestinal homogenate, the half-lives of the dipeptide derivatives indicated limited enzyme catalyzed degradation. All compounds showed good affinity to hPEPT1, but the Compounds I and III showed not to be translocated by hPEPT1. The translocation of the l-Glu-Sar derivative of acyclovir, l-Glu(acyclovir)-Sar was also investigated and showed not to take place. Consequently, l-Glu-Sar seems to be a poor pro-moiety for hPEPT1-mediated transport.
AB - The aim of the present study was to improve the synthetic pathway of bioreversible dipeptide derivatives as well as evaluate the potential of using l-Glu-Sar as a pro-moiety for delivering three newly synthesised nucleoside and pyrimidine l-Glu-Sar derivatives. l-Glu(trans-2-thymine-1-yl-tetrahydrofuran-3-yl ester)-Sar (I), l-Glu(thymine-1-yl-methyl ester)-Sar (II) and l-Glu(acyclothymidine)-Sar (III) were synthesised and in vitro stability was studied in various aqueous and biological media. Affinity to and translocation via hPEPT1 was investigated in mature Caco-2 cell monolayers, grown on permeable supports. Affinity was estimated in a competition assay, using [14C] labelled Gly-Sar (glycylsarcosine). Translocation was measured as pHi-changes induced by the substrates using the fluorescent probe BCECF and an epifluorescence microscope setup. All dipeptide derivatives released the model drugs quantitatively by specific base-catalysed hydrolysis at pH>6.0. II was labile in aqueous buffer solution, whereas I and III showed appropriate stability for oral administration. In 10% porcine intestinal homogenate, the half-lives of the dipeptide derivatives indicated limited enzyme catalyzed degradation. All compounds showed good affinity to hPEPT1, but the Compounds I and III showed not to be translocated by hPEPT1. The translocation of the l-Glu-Sar derivative of acyclovir, l-Glu(acyclovir)-Sar was also investigated and showed not to take place. Consequently, l-Glu-Sar seems to be a poor pro-moiety for hPEPT1-mediated transport.
KW - Biological Transport
KW - Caco-2 Cells
KW - Dipeptides
KW - Drug Stability
KW - Humans
KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
KW - Nucleosides
KW - Prodrugs
KW - Pyrimidines
KW - Symporters
U2 - 10.1016/j.ejps.2005.02.007
DO - 10.1016/j.ejps.2005.02.007
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 15854810
VL - 25
SP - 145
EP - 154
JO - Norvegica Pharmaceutica Acta
JF - Norvegica Pharmaceutica Acta
SN - 0928-0987
IS - 1
ER -
ID: 1093495