TY - JOUR

T1 - Physical fitness in community-dwelling older adults is linked to dietary intake, gut microbiota, and metabolomic signatures

AU - Castro-Mejia, Josué L.

AU - Khakimov, Bekzod

AU - Krych, Lukasz

AU - Bülow, Jacob

AU - Bechshøft, Rasmus L.

AU - Højfeldt, Grith

AU - Mertz, Kenneth H.

AU - Garne, Eva Stahl

AU - Schacht, Simon R.

AU - Ahmad, Hajar F.

AU - Kot, Witold

AU - Hansen, Lars H.

AU - Perez-Cueto, Federico J. A.

AU - Lind, Mads V.

AU - Lassen, Aske J.

AU - Tetens, Inge

AU - Jensen, Tenna

AU - Reitelseder, Søren

AU - Jespersen, Astrid P.

AU - Holm, Lars

AU - Engelsen, Søren B.

AU - Nielsen, Dennis S.

N1 - CURIS 2020 NEXS 034

PY - 2020

Y1 - 2020

N2 - When humans age, changes in body composition arise along with lifestyle-associated disorders influencing fitness and physical decline. Here we provide a comprehensive view of dietary intake, physical activity, gut microbiota (GM), and host metabolome in relation to physical fitness of 207 community-dwelling subjects aged +65 years. Stratification on anthropometric/body composition/physical performance measurements (ABPm) variables identified two phenotypes (high/low-fitness) clearly linked to dietary intake, physical activity, GM, and host metabolome patterns. Strikingly, despite a higher energy intake high-fitness subjects were characterized by leaner bodies and lower fasting proinsulin-C-peptide/blood glucose levels in a mechanism likely driven by higher dietary fiber intake, physical activity and increased abundance of Bifidobacteriales and Clostridiales species in GM and associated metabolites (i.e., enterolactone). These factors explained 50.1% of the individual variation in physical fitness. We propose that targeting dietary strategies for modulation of GM and host metabolome interactions may allow establishing therapeutic approaches to delay and possibly revert comorbidities of aging.

AB - When humans age, changes in body composition arise along with lifestyle-associated disorders influencing fitness and physical decline. Here we provide a comprehensive view of dietary intake, physical activity, gut microbiota (GM), and host metabolome in relation to physical fitness of 207 community-dwelling subjects aged +65 years. Stratification on anthropometric/body composition/physical performance measurements (ABPm) variables identified two phenotypes (high/low-fitness) clearly linked to dietary intake, physical activity, GM, and host metabolome patterns. Strikingly, despite a higher energy intake high-fitness subjects were characterized by leaner bodies and lower fasting proinsulin-C-peptide/blood glucose levels in a mechanism likely driven by higher dietary fiber intake, physical activity and increased abundance of Bifidobacteriales and Clostridiales species in GM and associated metabolites (i.e., enterolactone). These factors explained 50.1% of the individual variation in physical fitness. We propose that targeting dietary strategies for modulation of GM and host metabolome interactions may allow establishing therapeutic approaches to delay and possibly revert comorbidities of aging.

KW - aging

KW - energy and dietary fiber intake

KW - gut microbiota

KW - host metabolome

KW - physical fitness

KW - proinsulin-C-peptide

U2 - 10.1111/acel.13105

DO - 10.1111/acel.13105

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 31967716

VL - 19

JO - Aging Cell

JF - Aging Cell

SN - 1474-9718

IS - 3

M1 - e13105

ER -