Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums

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Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums. / Brando, Sabrina; Gjerris, Mickey.

In: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, Vol. 35, No. 4, 18, 2022.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review

Harvard

Brando, S & Gjerris, M 2022, 'Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums', Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, vol. 35, no. 4, 18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-022-09892-5

APA

Brando, S., & Gjerris, M. (2022). Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 35(4), [18]. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-022-09892-5

Vancouver

Brando S, Gjerris M. Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. 2022;35(4). 18. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10806-022-09892-5

Author

Brando, Sabrina ; Gjerris, Mickey. / Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums. In: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. 2022 ; Vol. 35, No. 4.

Bibtex

@article{2e00d0105ad44b498f5d7c6cae4cd732,
title = "Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums",
abstract = "Since Russell and Burch (1959) suggested the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (3Rs) as a foundation for animal research, their influence has only grown in the research community. In this paper, we discuss whether the 3Rs can be constructively used as a prism to analyse decisions regarding the welfare of animals housed in zoos and aquariums (henceforth {"}zoo animals{"}). We analyse opportunities and challenges for each of the three Rs when applied to zoo animals. We discuss the following reasons to consider the use of the 3Rs in relation to zoo animals: (1) there are similarities between motivations for housing animals in zoos and using them in research that are ethically relevant to consider; (2) the professional zoo community has committed to progress towards evidence-based best practice models to ensure and enhance the welfare of animals housed in zoos; and (3) there is a growing public concern regarding the welfare of zoo animals which can, to some extent, be met by viewing current practices through the prism of the 3Rs.",
keywords = "3Rs, Zoo, Aquarium, Animal welfare, Animal care, ANIMAL-WELFARE, WILDLIFE, BEHAVIOR, CONSERVATION, RESPONSES, SCIENCE, STRESS",
author = "Sabrina Brando and Mickey Gjerris",
year = "2022",
doi = "10.1007/s10806-022-09892-5",
language = "English",
volume = "35",
journal = "Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics",
issn = "1187-7863",
publisher = "Springer",
number = "4",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Opportunities and challenges in applying the 3Rs to zoos and aquariums

AU - Brando, Sabrina

AU - Gjerris, Mickey

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Since Russell and Burch (1959) suggested the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (3Rs) as a foundation for animal research, their influence has only grown in the research community. In this paper, we discuss whether the 3Rs can be constructively used as a prism to analyse decisions regarding the welfare of animals housed in zoos and aquariums (henceforth "zoo animals"). We analyse opportunities and challenges for each of the three Rs when applied to zoo animals. We discuss the following reasons to consider the use of the 3Rs in relation to zoo animals: (1) there are similarities between motivations for housing animals in zoos and using them in research that are ethically relevant to consider; (2) the professional zoo community has committed to progress towards evidence-based best practice models to ensure and enhance the welfare of animals housed in zoos; and (3) there is a growing public concern regarding the welfare of zoo animals which can, to some extent, be met by viewing current practices through the prism of the 3Rs.

AB - Since Russell and Burch (1959) suggested the principles of replacement, reduction, and refinement (3Rs) as a foundation for animal research, their influence has only grown in the research community. In this paper, we discuss whether the 3Rs can be constructively used as a prism to analyse decisions regarding the welfare of animals housed in zoos and aquariums (henceforth "zoo animals"). We analyse opportunities and challenges for each of the three Rs when applied to zoo animals. We discuss the following reasons to consider the use of the 3Rs in relation to zoo animals: (1) there are similarities between motivations for housing animals in zoos and using them in research that are ethically relevant to consider; (2) the professional zoo community has committed to progress towards evidence-based best practice models to ensure and enhance the welfare of animals housed in zoos; and (3) there is a growing public concern regarding the welfare of zoo animals which can, to some extent, be met by viewing current practices through the prism of the 3Rs.

KW - 3Rs

KW - Zoo

KW - Aquarium

KW - Animal welfare

KW - Animal care

KW - ANIMAL-WELFARE

KW - WILDLIFE

KW - BEHAVIOR

KW - CONSERVATION

KW - RESPONSES

KW - SCIENCE

KW - STRESS

U2 - 10.1007/s10806-022-09892-5

DO - 10.1007/s10806-022-09892-5

M3 - Journal article

VL - 35

JO - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics

JF - Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics

SN - 1187-7863

IS - 4

M1 - 18

ER -

ID: 321277532