Medical management of obesity in Scandinavia 2016

Research output: Contribution to journalReviewpeer-review

Documents

  • Serena Tonstad
  • Stephan Rössner
  • Aila Rissanen
  • Arne Astrup
Background: Preventive efforts with improved diet and more exercise have at best decelerated increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity in Scandinavia, and the complications call for more effective treatments. This review is an overview of dietary supplements, medical devices (for oral use), and pharmacological treatments approved in Scandinavian countries.
Interventions: One dietary fibre supplement, glucomannan, may produce a weight loss of 0.8 kg over 3 months, but a recent meta-analysis questioned efficacy. Cactus fig and white bean extracts, oral compounds that increase satiety by a fiber effect in the stomach and inhibit either fat or carbohydrate absorption,
result in weight losses of ~2e3% over 3e6 months, and are generally well tolerated. The pharmaceutical compound orlistat (a lipase inhibitor) produces weight loss of 1e2% with low-dose (over-the-counter) and 3% with high-dose (prescription), with a long-term reduction in risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The GLP-agonist liraglutide enhances satiety and produces weight loss of 5e7% over 6
months to 2 years, reducing comorbidities. A naltrexone/bupropion combination produces 3e5% weight loss, and reduces risk of T2D. A class of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor approved for the management of T2D also produces a weight loss (2e4% over 3e6 months) by increased excretion of urinary glucose.
Conclusion: The available non-pharmacological agents produce clinically relevant weight loss, but studies are small and adverse effects are not well established. Studies of pharmacological agents that use combinations to assess additive effects on weight loss and maintenance are lacking.
Original languageEnglish
JournalObesity Medicine
Volume1
Issue number1
Pages (from-to)38-44
Number of pages7
ISSN2451-8476
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2016

Number of downloads are based on statistics from Google Scholar and www.ku.dk


No data available

ID: 156451182