This chapter focuses on the structure of the sentence. First, we introduce the fundamental concepts. The prototypical Spanish sentence is structured by the verbal predicate with which a number of arguments is associated by their semantic and syntactic function. To this core structure of the sentence, independent adjuncts and other elements add modifying information. We then briefly discuss some approaches to Spanish sentence structure that, in addition to their theoretical contribution, bring other important aspects into focus. On the one hand, generativists defend the existence of a set of principles, parameters and abstract syntactic structures, to some extent related to the cognitive system, that generate the sentences we use when we communicate. On the other hand, cognitive-functional linguistics emphasizes the interaction between cognitive processes, our experience of usage and the formation of linguistic structures. In the chapter, we pay specific attention to the constructionist model of the sentence. Its theoretical foundation is the cognitive-functional approach, and, in particular, the usage-based model of grammar. We thus describe the distribution of verbs in some of the fundamental clausal constructions i