Freeze-Drying of a Capsid Virus-like Particle-Based Platform Allows Stable Storage of Vaccines at Ambient Temperature

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The requirement of an undisrupted cold chain during vaccine distribution is a major economic and logistical challenge limiting global vaccine access. Modular, nanoparticle-based platforms are expected to play an increasingly important role in the development of the next-generation vac-cines. However, as with most vaccines, they are dependent on the cold chain in order to maintain stability and efficacy. Therefore, there is a pressing need to develop thermostable formulations that can be stored at ambient temperature for extended periods without the loss of vaccine efficacy. Here, we investigate the compatibility of the Tag/Catcher AP205 capsid virus-like particle (cVLP) vaccine platform with the freeze-drying process. Tag/Catcher cVLPs can be freeze-dried under diverse buffer and excipient conditions while maintaining their original biophysical properties. Additionally, we show that for two model cVLP vaccines, including a clinically tested SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, freeze-drying results in a product that once reconstituted retains the structural integrity and immunogenicity of the original material, even following storage under accelerated heat stress conditions. Furthermore, the freeze-dried SARS-CoV-2 cVLP vaccine is stable for up to 6 months at ambient temperature. Our study offers a potential solution to overcome the current limitations associated with the cold chain and may help minimize the need for low-temperature storage.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1301
JournalPharmaceutics
Volume14
Issue number6
ISSN1999-4923
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

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© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

    Research areas

  • capsid virus-like particle, cold chain, cVLP, freeze-drying, Influenza, lyophilization, SARS-CoV-2, Tag/Catcher, vaccine storage

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