Emergence of circulating influenza A H3N2 viruses with genetic drift in the matrix gene: be alert of false-negative test results

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  • Rikke Lind Jørgensen
  • Christian Johann Lerche
  • Martin Schou Pedersen
  • Nikolai Soren Kirkby
  • Amanda Bolt Botnen
  • Ramona Trebbien
  • Stephen Nilsson-Møller
  • Mette Pinholt
  • Alex Christian Yde Nielsen
  • Westh, Henrik T.
  • Jan Gorm Lisby
  • Schneider, Uffe Vest

In March 2022, we observed samples with a negative fluorescent signal (60.5%, n = 43) for the influenza A matrix gene and a stronger positive signal for subtype A(H3N2). Forty-three samples were positive in InfA (H3N2) (mean Cq 30.9, range 23.9–35.1), and 26 of the 43 samples were negative in InfA matrix (mean Cq 28.0, range 23.2–30.6). Our multiplex test is a laboratory-developed four-target, four-color influenza A reverse-transcription PCR assay targeting the matrix gene, subtypes A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09. Several samples were negative when retested on commercial influenza Point-of-Care assays. As the matrix gene is a stand-alone target in most commercial diagnostic assays, we caution against false-negative subtype A test results.

Original languageEnglish
JournalAPMIS
Volume130
Issue number10
Pages (from-to)612-617
Number of pages6
ISSN0903-4641
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Authors. APMIS published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Scandinavian Societies for Medical Microbiology and Pathology.

    Research areas

  • Assay, diagnostic, genetic drift, H3N2, M gene, mutations, RT-PCR, sequencing, surveillance

ID: 320505134