Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and combination therapy with artesunate in Mozambican children with non-complicated malaria
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Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and combination therapy with artesunate in Mozambican children with non-complicated malaria. / Abacassamo, F; Enosse, S; Aponte, J J; Gómez-Olivé, F X; Quintó, L; Mabunda, S; Barreto, A; Magnussen, P; Rønn, A M; Thompson, R; Alonso, P L.
In: Tropical Medicine & International Health, Vol. 9, No. 2, 2004, p. 200-8.Research output: Contribution to journal › Journal article › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of chloroquine, amodiaquine, sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine and combination therapy with artesunate in Mozambican children with non-complicated malaria
AU - Abacassamo, F
AU - Enosse, S
AU - Aponte, J J
AU - Gómez-Olivé, F X
AU - Quintó, L
AU - Mabunda, S
AU - Barreto, A
AU - Magnussen, P
AU - Rønn, A M
AU - Thompson, R
AU - Alonso, P L
N1 - Keywords: Amodiaquine; Animals; Antimalarials; Child, Preschool; Chloroquine; Drug Combinations; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Infant; Malaria, Falciparum; Male; Mozambique; Plasmodium falciparum; Pyrimethamine; Sulfadoxine; Treatment Outcome
PY - 2004
Y1 - 2004
N2 - This paper reports a two-phase study in Manhiça district, Mozambique: first we assessed the clinical efficacy and parasitological response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine (CQ), sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and amodiaquine (AQ), then we tested the safety and efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, of three combinations: AQ + SP, artesunate (AR) + SP and AQ + AR. Based on the WHO (1996, WHO/MAL/96.1077) in vivo protocol, we conducted two open, randomized, clinical trials. Children aged 6-59 months with axillary body temperature > or = 37.5 degrees C and non-complicated malaria were randomly allocated to treatment groups and followed up for 21 days (first and second trial) and 28 days (first trial). The therapeutic efficacy of AQ (91.6%) was better than that of SP (82.7%) and CQ (47.1%). After 14 days, 69% of the strains were parasitologically resistant to CQ, 21.4% to SP and 26% to AQ. Co-administration of AQ + SP, AR + SP and AQ + AR was safe and had 100% clinical efficacy at 14-day follow-up. The combination therapies affected rapid fever clearance time and reduced the incidence of gametocytaemia during follow-up.
AB - This paper reports a two-phase study in Manhiça district, Mozambique: first we assessed the clinical efficacy and parasitological response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine (CQ), sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and amodiaquine (AQ), then we tested the safety and efficacy in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria, of three combinations: AQ + SP, artesunate (AR) + SP and AQ + AR. Based on the WHO (1996, WHO/MAL/96.1077) in vivo protocol, we conducted two open, randomized, clinical trials. Children aged 6-59 months with axillary body temperature > or = 37.5 degrees C and non-complicated malaria were randomly allocated to treatment groups and followed up for 21 days (first and second trial) and 28 days (first trial). The therapeutic efficacy of AQ (91.6%) was better than that of SP (82.7%) and CQ (47.1%). After 14 days, 69% of the strains were parasitologically resistant to CQ, 21.4% to SP and 26% to AQ. Co-administration of AQ + SP, AR + SP and AQ + AR was safe and had 100% clinical efficacy at 14-day follow-up. The combination therapies affected rapid fever clearance time and reduced the incidence of gametocytaemia during follow-up.
M3 - Journal article
C2 - 15040556
VL - 9
SP - 200
EP - 208
JO - Tropical Medicine & International Health
JF - Tropical Medicine & International Health
SN - 1360-2276
IS - 2
ER -
ID: 17656847