TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of prenatal exposure to chronic mild stress and toluene in rats

AU - Hougaard, Karin S

AU - Andersen, Maibritt B

AU - Hansen, Åse Marie

AU - Hass, Ulla

AU - Werge, Thomas

AU - Lund, Søren P

PY - 2005/2/1

Y1 - 2005/2/1

N2 - The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether prenatal chronic stress, in combination with exposure to a developmental neurotoxicant, would increase effects in the offspring compared with the effects of either exposure alone. Development and neurobehavioral effects were investigated in female offspring of pregnant rats (Mol:WIST) exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) during gestational days (GD) 9-20, or 1500 ppm toluene, 6 h/day during gestational days 7-20, or a combination of the two. Prenatal CMS was associated with decreased thymic weight and increased auditory startle response. The corticosterone response to restraint seemed modified by prenatal exposure to toluene. Lactational body weight was decreased in offsprings subjected to CMS, primarily due to effects in the combined exposure group. Cognitive function was investigated in the Morris water maze, and some indications of improved function due to CMS were observed. In the present experimental setting, there was no indication of the two exposures potentiating each other with respect to adverse effects on the nervous system. However, the effects of prenatal CMS indicate that stress during fetal life may interfere with the development of the thymus and increase the reactivity (startle reflex) of the offspring.

AB - The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether prenatal chronic stress, in combination with exposure to a developmental neurotoxicant, would increase effects in the offspring compared with the effects of either exposure alone. Development and neurobehavioral effects were investigated in female offspring of pregnant rats (Mol:WIST) exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) during gestational days (GD) 9-20, or 1500 ppm toluene, 6 h/day during gestational days 7-20, or a combination of the two. Prenatal CMS was associated with decreased thymic weight and increased auditory startle response. The corticosterone response to restraint seemed modified by prenatal exposure to toluene. Lactational body weight was decreased in offsprings subjected to CMS, primarily due to effects in the combined exposure group. Cognitive function was investigated in the Morris water maze, and some indications of improved function due to CMS were observed. In the present experimental setting, there was no indication of the two exposures potentiating each other with respect to adverse effects on the nervous system. However, the effects of prenatal CMS indicate that stress during fetal life may interfere with the development of the thymus and increase the reactivity (startle reflex) of the offspring.

KW - Animals

KW - Apomorphine

KW - Behavior, Animal

KW - Body Weight

KW - Cognition

KW - Corticosterone

KW - Dopamine Agonists

KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug

KW - Drug Administration Schedule

KW - Drug Interactions

KW - Exploratory Behavior

KW - Female

KW - Gestational Age

KW - Lactation

KW - Male

KW - Maze Learning

KW - Neural Inhibition

KW - Organ Size

KW - Pregnancy

KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects

KW - Rats

KW - Reflex, Acoustic

KW - Solvents

KW - Stress, Psychological

KW - Toluene

KW - Comparative Study

KW - Journal Article

KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

U2 - 10.1016/j.ntt.2004.08.001

DO - 10.1016/j.ntt.2004.08.001

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 15681129

VL - 27

SP - 153

EP - 167

JO - Neurotoxicology and Teratology

JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology

SN - 0892-0362

IS - 1

ER -